Surgical Nursing Pre and Post-operative Quiz

A type of intravenous therapy used to provide nourishment when patients can't consume enough food orally.

A collection of blood outside of a blood vessel, often appearing as a bruise.

Inflammation of a vein, often caused by irritation from a catheter or medication.

A blood clot that travels in the bloodstream and can block blood flow to vital organs.

Fluid volume overload occurs when a patient receives more fluids than their body can handle.

Injection of a substance into a vein, often used to deliver medications or fluids.

Accumulation of a substance outside of its intended vessel, often in tissues surrounding a vein, indicating leakage.

A condition where a catheter or needle is not in the correct position and irritates surrounding tissues.

This refers to how well a patient can tolerate medical procedures, including central line insertion and maintenance. It includes their individual pain threshold, understanding of the procedure, and ability to cooperate.

This refers to educating the patient about the central line, including its purpose, care requirements, and potential complications.

This refers to ensuring the central line is open and unobstructed, allowing for the flow of fluids and medications.

A sterile practice to prevent the introduction of microbes into the patient's bloodstream through the central line.

A practice to prevent contamination and infection of the central line insertion site. Involves cleaning the area around the line with antiseptic solutions.

A sterile practice to reduce the risk of infection by cleaning the central line entry point.

These are signs that indicate potential problems with the central line, such as leakage, inflammation, or blockage. They require immediate attention to address the issue and prevent complications.

This refers to regularly replacing the tubing attached to the central line to prevent bacterial growth and maintain its function.

The process of maintaining a stable pH in the body's fluids.

Organs vital for regulating acid-base balance in the body. They remove waste products and control the levels of certain chemicals in the blood.

Kidneys help maintain acid-base balance by removing excess hydrogen ions (H+) through urine, thus raising pH.

Lungs contribute to acid-base balance by expelling carbon dioxide (CO2), a major source of acid in the body, through breathing.

The act of removing waste products from the body, especially through urine. Kidneys primarily excrete waste.

A substance that helps resist changes in pH. They act like a buffer, preventing sharp shifts.

A type of chemical buffer found in blood and interstitial fluid. It's a key player in pH regulation.

A type of chemical buffer found in cells. It helps maintain the pH inside cells.

A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of blood, with a normal range of 7.35-7.45.

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood, with a normal range of 35-45 mmHg.

Bicarbonate concentration in arterial blood, with a normal range of 22-26 mEq/L.

A common blood test that measures the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH in the blood.

The percentage of hemoglobin in red blood cells that is saturated with oxygen.

This is a comprehensive review of a patient's medical history, including surgical procedures, anesthesia reactions, allergies, current medications, vital signs, last intake and output, and tobacco use. The information helps determine the patient's needs and risks for surgery.

This involves monitoring a patient's vital signs, such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and temperature, after surgery.

This refers to managing post-operative pain, nausea, and other common complications after surgery.

This is a checklist that ensures all necessary pre-operative procedures are completed before a patient goes into surgery.

This involves collecting all the necessary documentation and information about the patient before surgery.

This aspect of pre-operative preparation focuses on ensuring the patient's safety and readiness for surgery by addressing potential allergies, verifying their identity, and ensuring necessary medical lines (like a “N” line) are in place.

This refers to preparing the patient's bowel and bladder for surgery. It might involve using laxatives or enemas to empty the bowels, or a catheter to empty the bladder.

This step in pre-operative preparation involves cleaning the surgical site with antiseptics to minimize the risk of infection.

Low partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood, can be caused by hyperventilation, anxiety, fever, or sepsis.

Fluid buildup in the air sacs of the lungs, often leading to shortness of breath. Can be caused by heart failure or infection.

A condition where the lungs don't inflate adequately, leading to low oxygen levels. Causes can include respiratory muscle weakness or airway obstruction.

Rapid and deep breathing, often associated with anxiety, pain, or metabolic acidosis. Can lead to low CO2 levels.

A blood clot that travels to the lungs, blocking blood flow and causing shortness of breath and chest pain. Can be a serious condition.

A condition where the brain is unable to function properly due to injury or illness, leading to confusion and difficulty breathing, often caused by head trauma.

Oversedation or anesthesia can depress the respiratory system, leading to slow breathing and low oxygen levels.

A serious infection caused by bacteria, often leading to rapid breathing and low blood pressure.

A condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, leading to increased metabolism, anxiety, and rapid breathing.

An inflammatory condition of the airways caused by infection, usually by bacteria or viruses, leading to difficulty breathing and coughing.

A condition that causes muscle weakness, especially in the respiratory muscles, making it difficult to breathe.

A condition where the body's pH level is lower than normal, often due to kidney problems, diabetes, or starvation.

A condition where the body's pH level is higher than normal, often due to excessive vomiting, antacid overuse or kidney failure.

A condition where the body retains carbon dioxide, leading to breathing difficulty. It can be caused by lung diseases, neuromuscular conditions, or obesity.

The treatment for decreased PaCO2 involves addressing the underlying cause, such as anxiety, pain or infection, and correcting the breathing pattern to ensure normal CO2 levels.