Surface vs Underground Mining Capital Investment Factors

Accessing the orebody, infrastructure, equipment, environmental compliance, and licensing costs

Limited visibility, working in confined spaces, exposure to dust, gases, fumes, harmful gases, heat, and risk of rock falls

Heavy equipment operations, falling debris, and slope instability

<p>Capital investment is generally small for surface mines and larger for underground mines</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Safety is crucial to control hazards and conditions that can cause harm, ensuring the well-being of individuals and the community</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Erosion of land, destruction of flora and fauna, sinkholes, contamination of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lion Cavern Mine at Ngwenya mountain in Swaziland</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mining contributes to economies through job creation, tax revenue, foreign exchange earnings, and infrastructure development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>7.53%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Job creation, tax revenue, foreign exchange earnings, and infrastructure development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>R74 billion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To contribute to the economy through various means like job creation, taxes, and infrastructure development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Due to the limited flexibility of surface methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wind and rain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The excessive support units required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Very complex geological structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poor ground conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fixed and variable costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers