20 Questions
What is the main characteristic of surface tension?
The tendency of liquid surfaces to shrink into a minimum surface area
What is the term for the attraction between water molecules?
Cohesion
What is the primary function of surfactants?
To decrease surface tension
What is the characteristic of non-ionic surfactants?
They are compatible with anionic and cationic S.A.A.
What is the disadvantage of anionic surfactants?
They are not suitable for oral use due to unpleasant taste and irritant action to the mucosa
What is the term for surfactants that have both polar and non-polar groups?
Amphiphilic
What is the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of a surfactant?
The lowest concentration at which micelles first appear
What happens to the solubility of surfactants when the temperature is increased?
It increases slowly until the Kraft point, then increases rapidly
What is the term for the temperature at which the solubility of surfactants increases rapidly?
Kraft point
What is the property of surfactants that allows them to increase the solubility of organic compounds in aqueous systems?
Solubilization
Where are non-polar materials such as aliphatic hydrocarbons dissolved in micelles?
In the non-polar cores of the micelles
What is the term for the concentration of surfactants in solution at the Kraft point?
CMC at the Kraft temperature
What is the purpose of surface active agents in medical applications?
As antimicrobials, expectorants, and cleansing agents
What is the opposite of sorption?
Desorption
What is the type of adsorption that occurs due to chemical combination of adsorbate molecules and the surface molecules of adsorbent?
Chemical adsorption
What happens to adsorption when the particle size of the adsorbent is reduced?
Adsorption increases
What is the nature of most adsorption processes?
Exothermic
What factor affects adsorption, where an increase in solute concentration leads to an increase in adsorption up to a limited value?
Solute concentration
What is the effect of increase in temperature on the amount of adsorption?
It decreases the amount of adsorption.
What is the reason for the increase in adsorption with the increase in molecular weight of solutes?
Due to increase in Van Der Waals forces of attraction.
This quiz covers the concept of surface tension, its definition, and its relation to cohesion and adhesion. It also includes information about surfactants and their role in reducing surface tension.
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