84 Questions
Which term refers to the process of cell division that produces gametes in sexually reproducing organisms?
Mitosis
What is the term for the specialized structures that hold the sister chromatids together during cell division?
Centromere
Which term refers to the two chromosomes in a homologous pair that carry the same genes at the same loci?
Homologs
Which term refers to the process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms as a normal part of development or in response to injury or disease?
Apoptosis
What is the term for the type of cell division that produces gametes (sperm and egg) in sexually reproducing organisms?
Meiosis
What is the term for the specialized structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells that play a role in cell division by organizing and separating the chromosomes?
Centriole
Which term refers to the type of cell division that produces two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell?
Mitosis
What is the term for the process of cell division that produces gametes (sperm and egg) in sexually reproducing organisms?
Meiosis
Which term refers to the two copies of a chromosome that are joined together by a centromere?
Sister chromatids
What is the term for the process of cell division that produces two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell?
Mitosis
What is the term for the specialized structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells that play a role in cell division by organizing and separating the chromosomes?
Centrioles
Which term refers to the two copies of a chromosome that are joined together by a centromere?
Sister chromatids
Which term refers to the process of cell division that produces gametes (sperm and egg) in sexually reproducing organisms?
Meiosis
What is the term for the specialized structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells that play a role in cell division by organizing and separating the chromosomes?
Spindle fibers
Which term refers to the process of cell division that produces two daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell?
Meiosis
What is the term for the specialized structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells that play a role in cell division by organizing and separating the chromosomes?
Spindle fibers
During oogenesis, gametogenesis starts
during embryonic development
Which gender experiences more issues and complications during gametogenesis?
Females
Spermatogenesis, the process of sperm cell development, starts in males
at puberty
Which of the following processes involves the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes?
Crossing over
Which of the following processes results in the random distribution of chromosomes into daughter cells during meiosis?
Independent assortment
Which of the following processes ensures that each daughter cell receives one copy of each chromosome during meiosis?
Segregation
Which of the following is true about cancer cells?
They have longer telomeres than normal cells
What is the role of telomeres in cells?
To protect the DNA from damage
What happens to telomeres in normal cells during each round of cell division?
They become shorter
Which term refers to the type of reproduction that involves the fusion of gametes from two parents?
Sexual reproduction
What is the term for the type of reproduction that involves the production of offspring without the involvement of gametes?
Asexual reproduction
Which process involves the division of a single parent cell into two or more genetically identical offspring?
Binary fission
Which term refers to the type of reproduction that involves the production of offspring without the involvement of gametes?
Asexual reproduction
What is the term for the process of cell division that produces two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell?
Mitosis
Which of the following terms refers to the offspring resulting from the breeding of two true-breeding parents?
Phenotype
Which of the following terms describes an individual with two copies of the same dominant allele for a particular trait?
Homozygous dominant
Which of the following terms refers to the type of inheritance pattern where a trait is determined by a gene located on an autosome and is only expressed when two copies of the recessive allele are present?
Autosomal recessive
Which term refers to the type of inheritance pattern where a trait is determined by a gene located on an autosome and is only expressed when two copies of the recessive allele are present?
Multiple allele
What is the term for the process of cell division that produces two daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell?
Meiosis
Which of the following terms describes an individual with two copies of the same dominant allele for a particular trait?
Homozygous dominant
Which process involves the transfer of genetic material between different species?
Gene flow
Which term refers to the process by which new species evolve from a common ancestor due to different environmental conditions?
Divergent evolution
Which factor can lead to a decrease in genetic variation within a population?
Genetic drift
Which equation describes the relationship between allele frequencies in a population and predicts that these frequencies will remain constant from generation to generation?
Hardy-Weinberg equation
What is the term for the process by which the genetic makeup of a population changes over time due to factors such as mutation, migration, genetic drift, and natural selection?
Evolution
Which of the following factors can lead to an increase in genetic variation within a population?
Mutation
Which of the following methods is used to determine the age of fossils?
Radiometric dating
What is the term for the phenomenon where organisms develop resistance to pesticides over time?
Natural selection
Which of the following topics is NOT related to the study of evolution?
Genetic sequencing
Which type of cells undergo oogenesis and spermatogenesis?
Gametes
What is the main difference between oogenesis and spermatogenesis?
Oogenesis produces eggs while spermatogenesis produces sperm
What is the connection between phenotype and genotype?
Phenotype is influenced by both genotype and environmental factors
Which of the following is a major difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis produces genetically identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces genetically unique daughter cells.
Which of the following accurately describes the number of chromosomes in daughter cells produced by mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis produces daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, while meiosis produces daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Which of the following accurately describes the purpose of mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis is involved in growth, repair, and asexual reproduction, while meiosis is involved in sexual reproduction and genetic diversity.
Which phase of the cell cycle occurs immediately before the M phase?
G2 Phase
Which phase of the cell cycle involves DNA replication?
S Phase
Which phase of the cell cycle is responsible for cell growth and normal metabolic activities?
G1 Phase
During which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?
Prophase I
What is the purpose of meiosis II?
To separate sister chromatids
Which of the following accurately describes the difference between meiosis I and meiosis II?
Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes, while Meiosis II separates sister chromatids
Which of the following accurately describes the difference between genotype and phenotype?
Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the physical characteristics.
What is the term for the ratio of different genotypes that appear in the offspring of a genetic cross?
Genotype ratio
Which of the following accurately describes the ratio of phenotypes that appear in the offspring of a genetic cross?
Phenotype ratio
Which of the following blood types is considered the universal donor?
O
Which of the following blood types is considered the universal recipient?
AB
Which of the following blood types can donate to blood type A?
O
Which of the following is true about multiple alleles?
Multiple alleles refer to the presence of more than two alleles for a particular gene in a population.
What is the term for the phenomenon where an individual possesses more than two alleles for a particular gene?
Multiple alleles
Which of the following accurately describes the concept of multiple alleles?
Multiple alleles refer to the presence of more than two alleles for a particular gene.
Which of the following is true about antigens and Rh factors?
Antigens are proteins found on the surface of red blood cells, while Rh factors are antigens specifically found on the surface of red blood cells in Rh-positive individuals.
What is the significance of Rh factor in blood transfusions?
Rh factor can cause an immune reaction if mismatched during a blood transfusion.
What is the relationship between antigens and antibodies in blood typing?
Antigens and antibodies are both involved in the immune response to foreign substances.
Which of the following terms is most closely related to the concept of 'survival of the fittest'?
Phenotype
Which term refers to the frequency of different forms of a gene (allele) in a population?
Allele frequency
What is the term for alternative forms of a gene that can occupy the same locus on a chromosome?
Allele
Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between mutations, evolution, and natural selection?
Mutations can lead to evolution and natural selection.
What is the term for the process by which beneficial mutations become more common in a population over time?
Natural selection
Which of the following accurately describes the role of natural selection in evolution?
Natural selection acts on existing genetic variation.
What is the term for the process by which organisms change and adapt over time?
Evolution
Which of the following factors can contribute to genetic variation within a population?
All of the above
What is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis produces genetically identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces genetically diverse gametes
Which of the following is the main mechanism driving the theory of evolution?
Natural selection
Which of the following is NOT a requirement for natural selection to occur?
Random mating
Which of the following is an example of genetic drift?
A sudden decrease in population size due to a natural disaster
Which of the following blood types is considered the universal donor?
O
What is the role of Rh factors in blood transfusions?
They determine the compatibility between donor and recipient
Which of the following accurately describes the relationship between Rh-positive and Rh-negative blood types?
Rh-positive blood types have the Rh antigen, while Rh-negative blood types lack the Rh antigen
Quiz sur la génétique et la reproduction cellulaire : Apprenez les différences entre les cellules diploïdes 2n et haploïdes n, la fécondation, la formation du zygote, les chromosomes, le développement cellulaire, les paires homologues, les chromatides sœurs, l'apoptose et bien plus encore. Testez vos connaissances sur la génétique et la reproduction !
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