39 Questions
Who were the 'Four Horsemen' of the Supreme Court?
George Sutherland, James Clark McReynolds, Pierce Butler
Who were the 'Three Musketeers' of the Supreme Court?
Louis Brandeis, Benjamin Cardozo, Harlan Fiske-Stone
When was Harlan Fiske-Stone appointed to the Supreme Court?
1925
Who was Chief Justice during the Court's 'conservative' period before 1937?
Charles Evans Hughes
Which case did Chief Justice Hughes write a 5-4 opinion upholding in 1934?
Home Building & Loan Association v. Blaisdell (1934)
Who appointed Benjamin Cardozo to the Supreme Court?
Herbert Hoover
What was unique about Harlan Fiske-Stone's confirmation process?
'Four Horsemen' personally examined him during confirmation
'Four Horsemen' were known for being:
Conservative
Who was Chief Justice at the time of Louis Brandeis' tenure?
Charles Evans Hughes
Which President appointed James Clark McReynolds to the Supreme Court?
Woodrow Wilson
What reputation did Owen Roberts gain prior to his appointment to the Supreme Court?
An effective prosecutor in the Teapot Dome scandal
What was the significance of the Court's ruling in the 'Panama Mining' case?
Announced the 'non-delegation doctrine'
What were the 'Gold Clause Cases' related to?
Government's control over gold price and contracts
In what year did President Herbert Hoover appoint Owen Roberts to the Supreme Court?
1930
What concept did the Court establish in the 'Panama Mining' case?
'Delegation of powers' doctrine
What role did Owen Roberts play in the Teapot Dome scandal prior to his Supreme Court appointment?
Special prosecutor
Which Act did the Court strike down a provision of in the 'Panama Mining' case?
National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
What was the main focus of the United States v.Butler case?
Interpretation of the 'general welfare' clause
How did Alexander Hamilton's view on the 'general welfare' clause differ from James Madison's?
Hamilton supported a broad interpretation, while Madison supported a narrow one
What was the key feature of the Agricultural Adjustment Act challenged in the United States v.Butler case?
Taxing farmers to regulate crop production
Which founding father advocated for an expansive power to tax and spend under the 'general welfare' clause?
Alexander Hamilton
What did James Madison believe about Congress's taxation and spending powers under the 'general welfare' clause?
Congress should only tax and spend within specific constitutional powers
In the United States v.Butler case, what was the Supreme Court's ruling on the 'general welfare' clause?
'General welfare' clause was narrowly interpreted
What was at the core of the debate between Alexander Hamilton and James Madison regarding the 'general welfare' clause?
'Necessary and proper' clause
What was the Court's reasoning behind striking down the Agricultural Adjustment Act in the United States v. Butler case?
It exceeded the limits of the 'general welfare' clause and the Tenth Amendment.
In what way did the Court's ruling in United States v. Butler differ from its decision in Bailey v. Drexel Furniture?
United States v. Butler marked a shift towards a narrower interpretation of the 'general welfare' clause.
Why was the Court's decision in United States v. Butler considered significant in the context of the Constitution?
It reignited the debate between Hamilton and Madison over federal authority.
How did the Court perceive the use of 'tax' as a regulatory tool in Bailey v. Drexel Furniture?
As a dangerous path potentially leading to federal overreach.
What characterized the Court's stance on the Tenth Amendment following its ruling in United States v. Butler?
The Court expanded Congress' power significantly through a broad interpretation.
What impact did United States v. Butler have on Congress' ability to tax and spend?
It granted Congress more freedom in utilizing taxation for public welfare programs.
Why was Bailey v. Drexel Furniture considered a significant case in relation to Congressional authority?
'Taxing as regulation' was viewed as an unconstitutional exercise of power.
What historical figures' interpretations clashed regarding the 'general welfare' clause during United States v. Butler?
Hamilton and Madison
What was the significance of the Carter Coal case in relation to the New Deal?
It struck down a New Deal program as exceeding Congress's commerce clause power.
What did the Morehead v. New York ex rel. Tipaldo decision signify in terms of the Court's jurisprudence?
It was a continuation of the Lochner era's freedom of contract doctrine protection.
How did President Roosevelt react to the Court's 1936 rulings against the New Deal?
He considered packing the Supreme Court with additional justices.
What impact did the Municipal Bankruptcy Act decision have on federal-state relations?
It bolstered states' rights by limiting federal intervention in bankruptcies.
What characterized the Court's position on New Deal programs following United States v. Butler and the Tennessee Valley Authority case?
An inclination to uphold constitutional validity of selective New Deal programs.
What did the Supreme Court's rulings in 1936 suggest about its approach to New Deal programs?
An inconsistency in its decisions toward different New Deal initiatives.
In what context was the Morehead v. New York ex rel. Tipaldo decision described as a 'swansong'?
Lochner era jurisprudence on freedom of contract doctrine protection.
Test your knowledge on the nicknames given to groups of Supreme Court justices in the 1930s. Learn about the 'Four Horsemen' and the 'Three Musketeers' and their members. Identify when Benjamin Cardozo was appointed to the Supreme Court.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
