Supply Chain Vessels: Dry Cargo, Reefer & RO-RO

• The presentation provides knowledge of the supply chain and vessels within the system.
• Vessels play a significant role in transportation, which benefits globalization and the economy.

Dry Cargo Vessels

• These vessels are multipurpose.
• They transport different goods, including general cargo, bulk, and containers and may even carry a small tank.
• They often have cranes in the middle for loading and unloading.

Reefer Vessels

• These are refrigerated cargo-carrying vessels, often referred to as "Reefers."
• They are purpose-built to transport fruit, meat, and other food products across the sea in a fresh and clean manner.
• Banana carriers that trade between the Caribbean and Europe are famous.
• They are sleek and fast to meet trade demands and are equipped with cooling (refrigeration) equipment for cargo freshness.

RO-RO Vessels

• These are roll-on/roll-off vessels that come in various shapes and sizes.
• Two general types; are passenger ro-ro and cargo ro-ro.
• Passenger ro-ro vessels allow people to travel over water with their vehicles.
• RO-RO Vessels feature a rear door (sometimes a bow door)
• This allows vehicles to drive on and off and be stored on the car deck below passenger areas.

Tankers: Crude Oil Tankers

• Designed to carry liquid cargoes, including crude oil, which has brought the tanker attention.
• Two basic types exist:
  • Crude carriers: for crude oil.
  • Clean products tankers: for refined products like patrol, gasoline, aviation fuel, and kerosene.

LPG and LNG Carriers

• Specialized tankers for natural or liquefied gas.
• Are very advanced and costly to construct for transportation.
• Identified by the presence of large spherical, cylindrical tanks, or high covers on the deck
• This indicates "Technigaz System" implementation.

Chemical Tankers

• Ships are designed for transporting chemicals in bulk.
• Designed or adapted for carrying any liquid product in bulk.
• Commonly transport industrial chemicals, clean petroleum products, and other sensitive cargoes.
• Require a high standard of tank cleaning for cargo like palm oil, vegetable oils, tallow, and methanol.

Dry Bulk Carriers: Bulk Vessels ("Bulkers")

• These are workhorses of the shipping world.
• They transport raw dry cargoes like coal, iron ore, grain, sulphur, and scrap metal in large cavernous holds.
• High demand had been driven by Chinese economic expansion.

Special Purpose Vessels: Merchant Marine Training Vessels

• These vessels are used for training students as sailors.
• Employed primarily by navies to train future officers.
• Two main types:
  • Vessels for training at sea
  • Old ship hulls used as classrooms.

Floating Cranes

• They are specialized in lifting heavy loads.
• Used for offshore construction.
• The most common hull types are conventional monohulls.
• The largest crane vessels often use catamaran or semi-submersible designs for increased stability.
• Sheerleg cranes are fixed and non-rotating and the vessel must be maneuvered to place loads.

Dredgers

• These vessels' job is to remove sediment from the bottom.
• Increases the depth of ports.
• The aim is the same for rivers and their mouths, where the goal is also to be dredged.
• The mouth deposits river sands that are collected and dragged along.
• Navigable rivers have these sediments periodically removed.
• This can be done through drainage systems using buckets, cranes or spoons.

Service Vessels: Tugs

• These vessels can tow vessels into berths.
• They can handle firefighting, salvage, and anchor positioning.
• The size and power requirement depends on the tasks.
• Harbour tug has a 3 - 400 BHP (Brake Horse Power).
• An ocean-going salvage tug may have up to 10,000 BHP engines.

Fire Fighting Vessels

• Vessels are designed to fight shipboard fires.
• These watercraft possess pumps and nozzles designed.

Naval Vessels

• These ships are military ships used by a navy.
• They are distinct from civilian construction and usage ships.
• Can withstand damage and carry weapon systems.
• The number of weapons on troop transport depends on armament is light.

Fishing Vessels: Fish Factory Vessels

• Large ocean-going processing vessels with facilities for processing and freezing caught fish.
• They are modern, automated and larger versions of earlier whaling ships.
• Their purpose is to use their fishing equipment on an industrial scale.
• Some factory ships act as mother ships for other vessels.

Stern Trawlers

• Large trawlers with additional onboard processing facilities.
• They can stay at sea for days or weeks.
• A stern trawler pulls a fishing trawl net and lifts the catch using a stern ramp.
• Trawling types include:
  • Demersal (weighted bottom trawling).
  • Pelagic (mid-water trawling).
  • Pair trawling: involving two vessels that pull one huge net together approximately 500 meters apart, with a mouth circumference of 900 meters.

Passenger Ships and Ferries: Cruise Vessels

• Passenger ships are used for pleasure voyages.
• The voyage itself and the ship's amenities are part of the experience with destinations.

Livestock Carriers

• Ships transport numbers of livestock worldwide.
• Specially designed or adapted.
• Ensure secure humane conditions
• Trade occurs from Australia via the Middle East and S.E. Asia.
• One vessel may carry up to 125,000 sheep.

Overview of vessel types in the supply chain, including dry cargo, reefer, and RO-RO vessels. Focus on their construction, capabilities, and how they contribute to global trade and the economy.