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Questions and Answers
What is the most likely outcome of a superficial peroneal nerve injury sustained during an ankle sprain, considering the function and innervation patterns of nearby nerves?
What is the most likely outcome of a superficial peroneal nerve injury sustained during an ankle sprain, considering the function and innervation patterns of nearby nerves?
- Sensory loss on the dorsum (top) of the foot, coupled with weakness in foot eversion but preserved dorsiflexion. (correct)
- Loss of sensation in the first web space between the big toe and second toe, accompanied by pronounced weakness in foot dorsiflexion.
- Significant foot drop and an inability to invert the foot.
- Inability to plantarflex the foot with sensory loss on the plantar surface (sole) of the foot.
A patient presents with pain and numbness along the lateral shin and dorsum of the foot, exacerbated by wearing tight boots. Weakness in foot eversion is noted. What is the most probable cause of these symptoms?
A patient presents with pain and numbness along the lateral shin and dorsum of the foot, exacerbated by wearing tight boots. Weakness in foot eversion is noted. What is the most probable cause of these symptoms?
- Sural nerve impingement at the level of the popliteal fossa.
- Sciatic nerve compression affecting both peroneal divisions.
- Deep peroneal nerve injury resulting from trauma to the anterior compartment of the leg.
- Superficial peroneal nerve entrapment due to external compression. (correct)
Considering the anatomical course of the superficial peroneal nerve, where does it transition from being located between muscles to a subcutaneous position?
Considering the anatomical course of the superficial peroneal nerve, where does it transition from being located between muscles to a subcutaneous position?
- In the upper third of the leg, near its origin at the fibular head.
- In the lower third of the leg, after piercing the deep fascia. (correct)
- As it passes behind the lateral malleolus at the ankle.
- At the popliteal fossa, where it emerges from the common peroneal nerve.
What is the functional consequence of the superficial peroneal nerve innervating the fibularis longus and brevis muscles?
What is the functional consequence of the superficial peroneal nerve innervating the fibularis longus and brevis muscles?
A patient has lost sensation on the majority of the dorsum of their foot, but retains normal sensation in the first web space and on the lateral aspect of the foot. Which nerve is most likely affected?
A patient has lost sensation on the majority of the dorsum of their foot, but retains normal sensation in the first web space and on the lateral aspect of the foot. Which nerve is most likely affected?
How would you differentiate a superficial peroneal nerve injury from a deep peroneal nerve injury based on clinical signs and symptoms?
How would you differentiate a superficial peroneal nerve injury from a deep peroneal nerve injury based on clinical signs and symptoms?
A surgeon is performing a fibular fracture repair. Which of the following is the most crucial anatomical consideration to prevent iatrogenic injury to the superficial peroneal nerve?
A surgeon is performing a fibular fracture repair. Which of the following is the most crucial anatomical consideration to prevent iatrogenic injury to the superficial peroneal nerve?
What is the role of the fibularis longus muscle, innervated by the superficial peroneal nerve, in maintaining foot stability and preventing ankle injuries?
What is the role of the fibularis longus muscle, innervated by the superficial peroneal nerve, in maintaining foot stability and preventing ankle injuries?
Flashcards
Superficial Peroneal Nerve
Superficial Peroneal Nerve
A branch of the common peroneal nerve that supplies motor and sensory innervation to the lower leg and foot.
Origin of Superficial Peroneal Nerve
Origin of Superficial Peroneal Nerve
Near the neck of the fibula, branching from the common peroneal nerve.
Fibularis Longus Action
Fibularis Longus Action
Eversion of the foot and weak plantarflexion at the ankle.
Fibularis Brevis Action
Fibularis Brevis Action
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Sensory Innervation of Superficial Peroneal Nerve
Sensory Innervation of Superficial Peroneal Nerve
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Symptoms of Superficial Peroneal Nerve Entrapment
Symptoms of Superficial Peroneal Nerve Entrapment
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Effects of Superficial Peroneal Nerve Injury
Effects of Superficial Peroneal Nerve Injury
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Deep Peroneal Nerve Injury Effects
Deep Peroneal Nerve Injury Effects
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Study Notes
- The superficial peroneal nerve stems from the common peroneal nerve, which itself comes from the sciatic nerve.
- It primarily provides motor innervation to lower leg muscles and sensory innervation to the skin of the lower leg and foot.
Location and Course
- Originates from the common peroneal nerve near the fibula neck, laterally to the popliteal fossa.
- Travels inferolaterally in the leg's lateral compartment, between the fibularis longus and brevis muscles.
- Descends and pierces the deep fascia in the leg's lower third, becoming a subcutaneous nerve.
- Continues toward the foot, dividing into medial and lateral branches.
- Terminates by providing sensory innervation to most of the dorsum of the foot and toes, excluding the first web space and the foot's lateral aspect.
- The first web space is supplied by the deep peroneal nerve
- The lateral foot is supplied by the sural nerve.
Function
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Motor function involves innervating the leg's lateral compartment muscles
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Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus action: Foot eversion and weak ankle plantarflexion.
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Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis action: Foot eversion.
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These muscles stabilize the foot and prevent excessive inversion, reducing ankle sprain risk.
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Sensory Function: Provides cutaneous innervation
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The lower anterior leg
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Most of the dorsum of the foot, except the first web space and lateral foot
Clinical Relevance
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Superficial Peroneal Nerve Entrapment (Compression)
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Can be caused by tight boots, ankle sprains, or fascial entrapment.
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Symptoms include pain and numbness along the foot's dorsum and lateral shin.
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Weakness in foot eversion occurs, as other muscles also contribute.
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Treatment is conservative with rest and avoiding tight footwear, but surgical decompression may be needed in severe cases.
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Injury to the Superficial Peroneal Nerve
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Common in ankle sprains or fibular fractures.
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Leads to sensory loss on the foot's dorsum.
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Weak eversion occurs, but no foot drop, since dorsiflexion is mainly controlled by the deep peroneal nerve.
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Recovery depends on the injury's severity.
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Differentiation from Deep Peroneal Nerve Injury
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A deep peroneal nerve injury causes foot drop and loss of sensation in the first web space.
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A superficial peroneal nerve injury mostly affects eversion and dorsum sensation.
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Description
The superficial peroneal nerve originates from the common peroneal nerve. It provides motor innervation to lower leg muscles. Sensory innervation goes to the skin of the lower leg and foot, excluding the first web space and the lateral aspect of the foot.
