Questions and Answers
Which muscle is responsible for drawing the skin of the neck inferiorly and laterally?
Which nerve innervates the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle (SCM)?
Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in flexion of the neck?
What is the insertion point of the Anterior Scalene Muscle?
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Which muscle elevates the second rib and assists in inspiration?
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What is the origin of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle (SCM)?
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Which nerve innervates the Anterior Scalene Muscle?
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What is the action of the Middle Scalene Muscle?
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Which muscle assists in lateral flexion of the neck?
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What is the origin of the Platysma Muscle?
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Study Notes
Superficial Muscles of the Neck
The superficial muscles of the neck are a group of muscles located in the anterior and lateral regions of the neck. They are involved in various movements, including flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion of the neck.
Platysma Muscle
- Origin: Subcutaneous tissue of the inferior border of the mandible
- Insertion: Skin of the neck and thorax
- Action: Draws the skin of the neck inferiorly and laterally
- Innervation: Cervical branch of the facial nerve (CN VII)
Sternocleidomastoid Muscle (SCM)
- Origin: Manubrium of the sternum and medial portion of the clavicle
- Insertion: Mastoid process of the temporal bone
- Action:
- Rotates the head to the opposite side
- Flexes the neck
- Assists in lateral flexion of the neck
- Innervation: Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) and C2-C3 spinal nerves
Scalene Muscles
- Anterior Scalene Muscle:
- Origin: Anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C3-C6 vertebrae
- Insertion: Scalene tubercle of the first rib
- Action: Elevates the first rib and assists in inspiration
- Innervation: C5-C7 spinal nerves
- Middle Scalene Muscle:
- Origin: Posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C2-C7 vertebrae
- Insertion: Scalene tubercle of the first rib
- Action: Elevates the first rib and assists in inspiration
- Innervation: C3-C8 spinal nerves
- Posterior Scalene Muscle:
- Origin: Posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C4-C6 vertebrae
- Insertion: External surface of the second rib
- Action: Elevates the second rib and assists in inspiration
- Innervation: C6-C8 spinal nerves
Superficial Muscles of the Neck
- Located in the anterior and lateral regions of the neck, these muscles facilitate movements such as flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion.
Platysma Muscle
- Origin: Subcutaneous tissue below the mandible.
- Insertion: Skin covering the neck and thorax.
- Action: Depresses and retracts the skin of the neck.
- Innervation: Supplied by the cervical branch of the facial nerve (CN VII).
Sternocleidomastoid Muscle (SCM)
- Origin: Manubrium of sternum and medial clavicle.
- Insertion: Mastoid process of the temporal bone.
-
Action:
- Rotates the head to the contralateral side.
- Flexes the neck.
- Aids lateral flexion of the neck.
- Innervation: Innervated by the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) and spinal nerves C2-C3.
Scalene Muscles
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Anterior Scalene Muscle:
- Origin: Anterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C3-C6 vertebrae.
- Insertion: Scalene tubercle of the first rib.
- Action: Elevates the first rib and assists with breathing.
- Innervation: Innervated by C5-C7 spinal nerves.
-
Middle Scalene Muscle:
- Origin: Posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C2-C7 vertebrae.
- Insertion: Scalene tubercle of the first rib.
- Action: Elevates the first rib and assists with breathing.
- Innervation: Innervated by C3-C8 spinal nerves.
-
Posterior Scalene Muscle:
- Origin: Posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C4-C6 vertebrae.
- Insertion: External surface of the second rib.
- Action: Elevates the second rib and assists with breathing.
- Innervation: Innervated by C6-C8 spinal nerves.
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Description
Learn about the muscles in the anterior and lateral regions of the neck, involved in flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion of the neck.
