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Questions and Answers
What is responsible for electrical conductance in metals?
What is responsible for electrical conductance in metals?
- Movement of protons
- Movement of neutrons
- Movement of electrons (correct)
- Movement of positrons
Which factors affect electronic conductance in metals?
Which factors affect electronic conductance in metals?
- Color of the metal, atomic weight, density
- Atomic number, atomic mass, reactivity
- Nature and structure of the metal, number of valence electrons per atom, temperature (correct)
- Magnetic properties, boiling point, malleability
What did MacDiarmid, Heeger, and Shirakawa discover in 1977?
What did MacDiarmid, Heeger, and Shirakawa discover in 1977?
- Conductivity of silicon
- Electrical resistance in polymers
- Polymerization of acetylene gas to produce polyacetylene (correct)
- Superconductivity in metals
What properties do organic conducting polymers possess?
What properties do organic conducting polymers possess?
Why are organic conducting polymers much lighter than normal metals?
Why are organic conducting polymers much lighter than normal metals?
For their discovery of conducting polymers, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the year 2000?
For their discovery of conducting polymers, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the year 2000?
What type of materials have conductivity between conductors and insulators?
What type of materials have conductivity between conductors and insulators?
Which material is an example of a semiconductor?
Which material is an example of a semiconductor?
What is the conductivity of copper oxide (CuO) as per the table?
What is the conductivity of copper oxide (CuO) as per the table?
Which type of material has very low conductivity and is known as insulators?
Which type of material has very low conductivity and is known as insulators?
What type of materials are classified as conductors due to their high conductivity?
What type of materials are classified as conductors due to their high conductivity?
Which material has infinite conductivity by definition?
Which material has infinite conductivity by definition?
Why does the composition of a metallic conductor remain unchanged as electrons move through it?
Why does the composition of a metallic conductor remain unchanged as electrons move through it?
What is the main difference in the mechanism of conductance between metallic conductors and semiconductors?
What is the main difference in the mechanism of conductance between metallic conductors and semiconductors?
Why does very pure water have low conductivity despite having small amounts of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions?
Why does very pure water have low conductivity despite having small amounts of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions?
What is the term used to describe the conductance of electricity by ions present in solutions?
What is the term used to describe the conductance of electricity by ions present in solutions?
Which of the following factors does NOT affect the conductivity of electrolytic (ionic) solutions?
Which of the following factors does NOT affect the conductivity of electrolytic (ionic) solutions?
What can happen to the composition of an ionic solution when a direct current is passed through it over a prolonged period?
What can happen to the composition of an ionic solution when a direct current is passed through it over a prolonged period?
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Study Notes
Electrical Conductance in Metals
- Free electrons are responsible for electrical conductance in metals
- Factors affecting electronic conductance in metals include temperature, purity, and structure
Conducting Polymers
- MacDiarmid, Heeger, and Shirakawa discovered conducting polymers in 1977
- Organic conducting polymers possess high conductance, flexibility, and light weight
- They are much lighter than normal metals due to their polymeric nature
- The Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2000 was awarded to MacDiarmid, Heeger, and Shirakawa for their discovery
Semiconductor Materials
- Materials with conductivity between conductors and insulators are classified as semiconductors
- Examples of semiconductors include silicon and copper oxide (CuO)
- Copper oxide (CuO) has a conductivity of [insert value from table]
Insulators and Conductors
- Materials with very low conductivity are known as insulators
- Materials with high conductivity are classified as conductors
- Superconductors, by definition, have infinite conductivity
- The composition of a metallic conductor remains unchanged as electrons move through it due to the free electron model
Mechanism of Conductance
- The main difference in the mechanism of conductance between metallic conductors and semiconductors lies in the movement of charge carriers
Ion Conductance and Electrolytic Solutions
- Very pure water has low conductivity despite having small amounts of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions due to the lack of dissolved salts
- The term used to describe the conductance of electricity by ions present in solutions is electrolytic conductance
- Temperature, concentration, and solvent properties affect the conductivity of electrolytic solutions
- Pressure does NOT affect the conductivity of electrolytic solutions
- The composition of an ionic solution can change when a direct current is passed through it over a prolonged period due to electrolysis
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