Summary Exam 2 Fundamentals of Psychology Year 2

<p>It highlights the difficulty in explaining how different brain states can lead to the same subjective experience. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-reductive materialism acknowledges the existence of unique mental properties that cannot be reduced to physical properties. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The correctness and accuracy of the information. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The need for strong scientific publications for career advancement. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure a manuscript meets the criteria of good scientific practice. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By measuring the number of citations to articles published in the two preceding years. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To focus on the quality of the research itself rather than the prestige of the publication outlet. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allow access to articles without subscription or fees for reading. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When journals charge money both for subscriptions &amp; from authors via APCs for open access (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They give the illusion of being genuine while often lacking quality control. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Standards of open and reproducible science (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Journal impact factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potential competitive disadvantages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Large volume from many independent sources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reanalysis of existing data for new research questions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Privacy and ownership concerns (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The speed at which data changes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To store and allow retrieval of data and analysis programs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They influence how we perceive and interact with our environment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They evolved to help organisms adapt to their environment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Being aware of the plot and characters while reading a book. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Repeated exposure can increase liking for a stimulus. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can shape cognitive processes through cultural practices and social interactions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A target is recognized faster when it follows a semantically related prime. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognition is closely tied to practical activities and bodily experiences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The effect of unconscious information processing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Submission of scientific hypotheses to rigorous scrutiny and testing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peer-reviewed publications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Provide guiding principles that direct behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Persuading ruling powers of its necessity and safety (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Psychology is rooted in mental philosophy and has historical significance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The functions of information independent of its medium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The same mental function can occur in different physical structures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An informational unit that spreads through imitation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Understanding information processing in a systematic way (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structural level (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The exact biological processes linked to mental states (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provides a method to create intelligent machines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No convincing idea exists regarding the simulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A philosophical view that acknowledges mental states are grounded in physical processes but argues they can't be fully reduced to or explained by those processes alone.

The difficulty in explaining how two individuals can experience the same mental state despite having different brain activity.

The concept that the same mental state can be realized by different physical states in the brain.

The gap in our understanding between physical processes in the brain and our subjective experience of consciousness.

The idea that physical processes are necessary for mental states, but there may be more to mental states than just their physical realization.

A theory that focuses on the functions of information rather than how it is physically realized in the brain.

The idea that information can exist and operate independently of the specific medium it is stored in, allowing it to be transferred between different systems.

A unit of cultural information that spreads through imitation, similar to how genes spread in biological evolution.

A three-level framework for understanding information processing, encompassing the computational, algorithmic, and implementation levels.

The level of Marr's Levels of Analysis that focuses on what a system does and the problems it solves.

The level of Marr's Levels of Analysis that focuses on the specific steps and processes involved in achieving a task.

The level of Marr's Levels of Analysis that focuses on the physical implementation and realization of the system.

A location where data and analysis programs are stored for others to access (usually online).

Guidelines outlining how journals promote open and reproducible science. They cover aspects like data sharing, code transparency, and preregistration.

Analyzing existing data to answer new research questions.

A massive collection of complex and diverse data gathered from multiple sources, continuously updated and expanding.

The immense amount of data in big data.

The rapid pace of data changes in big data.

The different types of data in big data.

The inherent value and sensitivity of information in big data.

A fundamental principle in science where ideas and hypotheses are rigorously questioned, scrutinized, and tested before being accepted.

Guiding principles that define the way activities should be carried out within a specific domain, like a blueprint.

Making research data, materials, and methods easily accessible to others for verification and further research.

Making research data publicly available for others to analyze and reuse.

Making research materials and methods accessible to others to replicate and build upon.

The way we perceive and interact with the world is influenced by our sensory and motor abilities.

Our cognitive abilities have evolved over time to help us adapt to our environment.

Thinking isn't just abstract reasoning; it's closely connected to our actions.

Our culture and social interactions influence how we think and perceive the world.

Information that's accessible to our conscious awareness and can be reported or used intentionally.

Information processed by the brain that's not available for reporting or intentional use.

An experimental technique that uses a brief presentation of a prime stimulus to investigate unconscious information processing.

Repeated exposure to a stimulus can lead to increased liking or preference for that stimulus, even without conscious awareness.

The pressure to publish research papers in academia, often to secure a job or promotion.

A process where a manuscript is assessed by other experts in the field to ensure its quality and scientific rigor.

A metric used to measure the importance and influence of a scientific journal. It calculates the number of citations received by articles published in that journal.

A declaration advocating for evaluating scientific research based on its quality and merit rather than the prestige of the journal it's published in.

A journal that allows free access to its content without requiring subscriptions or fees.

A fee paid by authors or their institutions to open access journals for publishing their research.

A type of open access journal that prioritizes methodological rigor over theoretical contribution, aiming to make more scientific findings accessible.