Sumer (3500 – 2300 BCE) Fertile Crescent (Mesopotamia) Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Why was Mesopotamia settled?

  • Due to its strategic location for military defense
  • For its abundant mineral resources
  • Because of the flat fertile land provided by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers (correct)
  • To access advanced technology and knowledge

Why was Sumer referred to as 'a collection of independent city-states'?

  • Because of the geographical separation of the city-states
  • As each city-state had its own specific god/goddess, king, laws, army, and government (correct)
  • Due to the presence of multiple independent kingdoms within Sumer
  • Because each city-state had its own unique language and culture

What is the significance of cuneiform in Sumerian civilization?

  • It served as a tool for agricultural planning and management
  • It was employed for astronomy and celestial observations
  • It was used for religious rituals and ceremonies
  • It enabled the Sumerians to track trade and write laws (correct)

What was the role of a scribe in Sumerian society?

<p>To record laws and maintain records for the Sumer civilization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which major invention was used for pottery and transportation in Sumer?

<p>The wheel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of settling in Mesopotamia?

<p>To take advantage of the fertile land ideal for farming (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the development of trade in Babylon?

<p>Its strategic location on the Euphrates River, connecting the Persian Gulf and Mediterranean Sea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Hammurabi's code of laws aim to achieve?

<p>Establishing the first written laws applying to everyone in his empire (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What technological advantage did the Assyrians gain from the Hittites?

<p>Knowledge of how to produce and use strong iron weapons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are the Chaldeans also referred to as the Neo-Babylonians?

<p>They rebuilt the city of Babylon and made it their capital (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Nebuchadnezzar known for?

<p>Conquering Jerusalem and building the Hanging Gardens of Babylon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of iron for the Assyrians?

<p>It allowed them to create strong weapons, giving them a military advantage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Sargon accomplish during his rule over the Akkadians?

<p>Uniting the Sumerian city-states and creating the first empire (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did many ancient Mesopotamians perform daily ceremonies and sacrifices?

<p>To please the many gods and goddesses believed to control all aspects of life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a notable feature of Hammurabi's code of laws?

<p>Punishments were intended to match the crime, following the principle of 'an eye for an eye' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was an important resource that made Babylon a center of trade?

<p>Its strategic location on a major trade route connecting the Persian Gulf and Mediterranean Sea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mesopotamia Settlement Reason

Mesopotamia was settled due to the fertile land provided by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

Sumer's City-State Nature

Sumer was a collection of independent city-states because each city had its own god, king, laws, army, and government.

Cuneiform's Role

Cuneiform allowed Sumerians to record trade and laws.

Scribe's Role

Scribes maintained records and wrote laws in Sumerian society.

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Sumerian Invention for Use

The wheel was a key invention used in Sumerian pottery and transportation.

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Babylon's Trade Reason

Babylon's strategic location on the Euphrates River connected it to trade routes.

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Hammurabi's Code Aim

Hammurabi's Code established written laws for the empire.

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Assyrian Iron Advantage

Assyrians gained strong iron weapons from the Hittites, giving them a military edge.

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Neo-Babylon Origin

Chaldeans are called Neo-Babylonians because they rebuilt Babylon.

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Nebuchadnezzar's Achievement

Nebuchadnezzar conquered Jerusalem and built the Hanging Gardens.

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Iron's Significance for Assyrians

Iron enabled Assyrians to make stronger weapons, improving their military.

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Sargon's Akkadian Achievement

Sargon unified Sumerian city-states, creating the first empire.

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Mesopotamian Ceremony Purpose

Ancient Mesopotamians performed ceremonies and sacrifices to please the gods.

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Hammurabi's Code Feature

Hammurabi's Code often used 'an eye for an eye' punishments.

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Babylon's Trade Resource

Babylon's strategic location on a major trade route made it a trade center.

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