Suicide Prevention and Racial Victimization

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Questions and Answers

What does the Psychological Association of the Philippines's statement emphasize?

Recognition of non-discrimination based on SOGIE (correct)

Promotion of commercial businesses for the LGBT community

Increased political participation for all citizens

Development of media portrayals of heterosexual relationships

What is sexual identity defined as according to Kann et al. (2011)?

How individuals identify themselves (correct)

The unique characteristics of an individual's personality

The social status of individuals in society

The biological aspect of gender

Which group is specifically mentioned as experiencing stigma and discrimination in the Philippines?

All professionals in psychology

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community (correct)

Non-binary individuals

Heterosexual youth

What is internalized stigma conceptualized as?

Negative perception of one's own sexual minority identity Signup and view all the answers

What does the research cited in the content suggest about sexual minority youth?

They face stigma, prejudice, and discrimination Signup and view all the answers

What can repeated harassment and discrimination lead to regarding an individual's perception of themselves?

Internalization of negative perceptions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a consequence of stigma faced by the LGBT community as per the provided content?

Reduced political participation Signup and view all the answers

Who supports the vision of an LGBT-inclusive Philippine psychology?

The Psychological Association of the Philippines Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary focus of the report published by the Institute of Medicine in 2011?

Evaluating health care disparities for sexual minorities. Signup and view all the answers

Which authors discussed suicidal ideation and self-harm in sexual minority youth?

Liu and Mustanski Signup and view all the answers

What does Herek's 2004 article mainly address?

Cultural contexts of homophobic behavior. Signup and view all the answers

In which publication did the authors Mak and Cheung focus on self-stigma among concealable minorities?

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry Signup and view all the answers

What topic do Herek and McLemore focus on in their review from 2013?

Sexual prejudice and its consequences. Signup and view all the answers

Which research addresses the issue of sexual orientation and suicide risk specific to the Philippines?

Manalastas, 2013 Signup and view all the answers

What is the ISSN number for the publication titled 'Suicidology Online'?

2078-5488 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following articles discusses the psychological aspects of anti-gay violence?

Herek, 1990 Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested about the acceptance of homosexual behaviors in the Philippines?

Acceptance is only shown to certain stereotypes. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor was found to be NOT significantly correlated with the level of SPS Negative Self-Evaluation?

Currently experienced stigma Signup and view all the answers

What does internalized stigma often result in?

Low self-esteem and self-hatred Signup and view all the answers

What is the correlation coefficient between SSS and SPS Negative Self-Evaluation mentioned in the study?

.346 Signup and view all the answers

What psychiatric disorders are homosexuals and bisexuals more likely to have according to the findings?

At least one of five specified stress-sensitive disorders Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect has a strong association with hopelessness according to the study results?

Perceived stigma Signup and view all the answers

What does the study suggest about the relationship between self-beliefs and suicidal behavior?

Negative self-beliefs can contribute to suicidal behavior. Signup and view all the answers

How many lesbians were reported in the study in contrast to the number of gays?

60 lesbians versus 124 gays Signup and view all the answers

What was the mean score of suicidal behavior for lesbians in the study?

70.54 Signup and view all the answers

How does self-stigma for lesbians compare to that of gays based on the provided data?

Lesbians have higher self-stigma than gays. Signup and view all the answers

What is the t-value for the comparison of perceived stigma between lesbians and gays?

-0.50 Signup and view all the answers

What hypothesis was corroborated by the correlation of $r = .350$ in the study?

The correlation between HSS and SSS is moderate. Signup and view all the answers

Which subscale has a t-value of 2.97 in the study results?

Suicide Ideation Signup and view all the answers

What was the F-value and p-value reported for the regression analysis between stigma and suicidal behavior?

28.908, p < .001 Signup and view all the answers

In terms of mean scores, which group had higher hopelessness?

Lesbians Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about hostility is correct based on the study results?

It is higher for lesbians than for gays. Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of protective factors help to reduce?

Suicidal behaviors Signup and view all the answers

Which of these factors is considered a widely researched risk factor for suicide?

Relationship breakup Signup and view all the answers

What method did Harvey (2001) use to reduce the number of items in the scale?

Forward stepwise regression Signup and view all the answers

What scale was used to assess the responses regarding feelings of racial victimization?

5-point Likert scale Signup and view all the answers

How many items were reduced from the original scale in Harvey's study?

18 to 10 Signup and view all the answers

What was the range of the Cronbach's alpha reliability for the short version of the scale?

.89 to .90 Signup and view all the answers

Which groups were included in the evaluation of reliability for the scale?

European Americans, African Americans, and Native Americans Signup and view all the answers

What underlying theme was investigated using a correlational design in the study?

The relationship between internalized homophobia and suicidality Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Non-Discrimination and SOGIE Awareness

The Psychological Association of the Philippines (PAP) emphasized the importance of non-discrimination regarding sexual orientation, gender identity, and expression (SOGIE) in October 2011.
PAP recognized ongoing stigma, prejudice, and discrimination faced by the LGBT community in the Philippines.

LGBT Community Challenges

The LGBT community experiences victimization, media stereotypes, denial of access to commercial businesses, limited job opportunities, and reduced political participation.
Stigma leads to internalized negative perceptions of one's sexual identity, affecting mental health.

Sexual Identity

Sexual identity encompasses how individuals perceive themselves, including categories such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or confusion about identity.
Research indicates sexual minority youth face significant stigma and prejudice.

Internalized Stigma

Internalized stigma refers to negative self-perceptions among individuals due to societal stigma.
This internalization can lead to mental health issues and contribute to suicidal behavior.

Suicidal Behavior Correlates

Risk factors linked to suicidal behavior include mental disorders, lack of social support, stigma from heterosexuals, relationship breakdowns, and access to lethal means.
Protective factors are effective mental health care and strong community and family support systems.

Research Findings

A study found a moderate correlation between perceived stigma and self-stigma among participants—correlation coefficient r = .350, p < .01.
The study revealed the association between perceived stigma and psychological distress such as hopelessness (r = .438) and suicidal ideation (r = .370).

Stigma Measurement

The study utilized multi-item measures like the Hopelessness Scale (HSS) and Self-Stigma Scale (SSS) to understand their relationship with suicidal behavior.
High reliability scores were reported for both long and short versions of the Stigma and Suicidal Behavior scales.

Gender Comparison in Findings

In the research sample, there were more gay individuals (124) than lesbians (61), highlighting a potential bias in community representation.
Participants expressed that societal tolerance for homosexuals is conditional, dependent on conformity to stereotypes.

Importance of Mental Health

High incidences of psychiatric disorders (e.g., depression, anxiety) were observed among sexual minorities, emphasizing the need for targeted mental health resources and awareness.
Internalized stigma can lead to self-hatred and self-disgust, exacerbating suicidal tendencies among individuals in marginalized communities.

Studying That Suits You

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Description

This quiz focuses on the relationship between suicide risk factors and racial victimization. Based on the revisions made by Harvey in 2001, it explores the predictive elements of suicidal behavior through various questionnaires. Participants will test their knowledge about these critical issues in public health.