Substance Use Disorders Risk Factors

<p>Dopamine receptors become less sensitive, requiring more of the substance for the same effect. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals over 65 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prevalence of SUDs is relatively consistent across different cultures. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The individual uses the substance to avoid withdrawal symptoms or emotional discomfort. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Substance use disorders result from disruptions in multiple brain circuits involved in reward, stress, and executive control. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Family history of mental health disorders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It alters HPA axis function, predisposing individuals to addiction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>History of physical abuse (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can increase exposure to substance use and normalize behaviors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dysregulated reward systems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lower socioeconomic status (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dopamine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contributes to the impairment of decision-making as the brain develops. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased sensitivity to negative emotions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Engaging in substance use themselves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Impairs impulse control (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contributes to memory and learning related to drug cues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dopamine and opioid receptor genes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Withdrawal/negative affect phase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modification of gene expression perpetuating addictive behaviors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amygdala (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The initial phase of substance use where dopamine spikes create a feeling of reward.

The process by which dopamine is increased in the nucleus accumbens, affecting reward sensations.

Heightened responsiveness in reward circuits due to repeated substance exposure.

Phase characterized by reduced dopamine receptor sensitivity and negative emotions.

Dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex that impairs decision-making and impulse control.

A neurotransmitter involved in memory and learning, linked to drug cues.

Alterations in gene expression due to chronic substance use that may perpetuate addiction.

A factor that mediates the stress response, increasing relapse risk during withdrawal.

A reduction in dopamine receptor sensitivity due to chronic substance use, leading to decreased reward response.

Enhanced neural responses to cues due to repeated drug use, causing cravings and compulsive behavior.

Recurrent use of substances leading to significant health and behavioral impairment.

Severe form of SUD characterized by compulsive drug-seeking despite negative consequences.

Conditions that increase vulnerability, including family history, early use, and mental health issues.

The progression through which addiction develops: initial pleasure, withdrawal avoidance, craving.

Disruptions in brain chemicals that contribute to the development of SUDs.

Alterations in the brain's reward, stress, and executive control circuits due to substance use.

Hereditary influences that increase susceptibility to SUD.

Brain system affecting reward and pleasure, linked to SUD.

Difficulty controlling urges leading to substance misuse.

Co-occurring conditions like depression or PTSD that increase SUD risk.

Influence from friends that can encourage substance use.

Economic conditions linked to higher substance misuse rates.

Initial substance use during adolescence that leads to long-term issues.

Past physical or emotional abuse that raises addiction risk.