16 Questions
What is the focus of the chapter?
Presenting current thinking about addiction concepts
How are psychoactive substances defined?
Substances with potential for addiction
What are the key terms included in the criteria for substance use disorder?
Tolerance and dependence
What term is defined with regard to understanding substance misuse and substance use disorders?
Biopsychosocial
What does adopting a biopsychosocial perspective imply in studying different theories?
All factors are considered important
What is the purpose of describing diagnostic schemes in the chapter?
To present current thinking about addiction concepts
Which of the following best describes substance use?
Introducing a psychoactive substance into the body/circulating blood stream
What distinguishes substance misuse from substance use?
The amount or risky situations of substance use
What does a substance need to cause in order for it to be considered potentially problematic?
Severe and irreversible consequences
What is an example that illustrates the difference between substance use and substance misuse?
Using alcohol and driving under the influence
What are the potential consequences of substance misuse?
Exposure to infectious disease and accidental injury
What is required for an individual to be diagnosed with a substance use disorder?
Experiencing certain specific criteria
What were the historical terms used before substance use disorder?
Alcoholism and addiction
What were the diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder in the American Psychiatric Association’s DSM-IV?
Substance abuse or substance dependence
In which classification system were the terms 'substance abuse' and 'substance dependence' used?
ICD-10
What is the name of the international classification system used for substance use disorders?
ICD-10
Study Notes
Focus of the Chapter
- The chapter focuses on understanding psychoactive substances and substance use disorders.
Definition of Psychoactive Substances
- Psychoactive substances are defined as substances that alter mental functioning, mood, or consciousness.
Criteria for Substance Use Disorder
- Key terms included in the criteria for substance use disorder include:
- Recurrent use resulting in significant impairment or distress.
- Failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home.
- Continued use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems.
- Using in hazardous situations or continuing to use despite physical or psychological problems.
Substance Misuse and Substance Use Disorders
- The term "addiction" is often used interchangeably with substance use disorder.
- Adopting a biopsychosocial perspective in studying substance use disorders implies considering biological, psychological, and environmental factors.
Diagnostic Schemes
- The purpose of describing diagnostic schemes is to provide a systematic approach to understanding and diagnosing substance use disorders.
Substance Use and Misuse
- Substance use refers to the use of a substance for its intended or recreational purpose.
- Substance misuse occurs when a substance is used in excess, in hazardous situations, or despite negative consequences.
- A substance needs to cause significant impairment or distress to be considered potentially problematic.
Examples and Consequences
- An example of substance use is drinking alcohol at a party, while substance misuse is drinking excessively despite having a hangover the next day.
- Potential consequences of substance misuse include health problems, financial issues, and strained relationships.
Diagnosis and Classification
- To be diagnosed with a substance use disorder, an individual must meet a set of criteria, such as those outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5).
- Historical terms used before substance use disorder include "substance abuse" and "substance dependence".
- The DSM-IV used the diagnostic criteria for substance abuse and substance dependence.
- The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is an international classification system used for substance use disorders.
Test your knowledge on the terminology and diagnostic schemes related to substance use disorders, alcoholism, and drug addiction. Explore the definitions of key terms and their usage in practice and research.
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