60 Questions
What are the symptoms of opioid withdrawal?
Flu-like symptoms, stomach cramping, increased heart rate
Which medication is a full agonist opiate used in maintenance therapy?
Methadone
What are the common symptoms of alcohol withdrawal?
Tremor, anxiety, seizures
Which medication is often combined with naloxone to discourage injection?
Suboxone
What are the effects of opioid use on breathing?
Slowed breathing, trouble breathing if not rousable, blue lips/fingernails
What are the effects of alcohol on heart rate?
Slows heart rate while intoxicated, fast heart rate in withdrawal
What is a key component of integrating a Harm Reduction philosophy to practice?
Understanding the bio-psycho-social aspects of substance use disorders
Why is it important to increase Substance Use Nursing Capacity?
Substance use disorders affect a wide range of persons encountered across all practice settings
What is a foundational aspect of screening, assessment, and treatment planning for people experiencing substance use?
Understanding the bio-psycho-social aspects of substance use disorders
What does early assessment and management of substance use disorders promote?
Substantially better outcomes
What is a key characteristic of a Substance Use Nursing professional?
Understanding treatment models and being knowledgeable about treatment options
What is the focus of integrating a SBIRT approach to practice?
Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment
What is the purpose of the Universal Screening Questions for Substance Use Disorders?
To quickly assess clients in all care settings
Which response to a CAGE-AID question is considered a positive screening test?
Yes to 'Have you ever felt that you need to cut down on your alcohol/substance use'
What is the purpose of the Stages of Change model in the context of substance use?
To categorize behavior change and understand how to engage the client in dialogue
What is the recommended approach for supporting a person in the 'Action' stage of change?
Plan for slips and lapses
What is the interpretation of a positive response to any one question in the Universal Screening Questions for Substance Use Disorders?
Indicates the need for further investigation using a validated assessment tool
What is the purpose of the CAGE-AID questionnaire in the context of substance use?
To provide a quick screening test for possible substance use concerns
What is the recommended protocol for administering Valium in case of seizures related to alcohol withdrawal?
Administer 20mg Valium every hour for a minimum of 3 doses
What are the typical withdrawal symptoms associated with stimulant use?
Fatigue, agitation, mood swings, and strong cravings
What is the recommended approach for discontinuing long-term benzodiazepine use?
Gradual discontinuation to mitigate the risk of seizures
What are the common health impacts associated with stimulant use like cocaine and methamphetamine?
Cardiac events and psychosis
What is the primary goal of SBIRT in addressing substance use and mental health concerns?
Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment
What is a prevalent form of substance use related to bodybuilding?
Steroid use
Which factor is NOT associated with an increased risk and severity of substance use?
Social support and strong relationships
What is a characteristic of substances that are considered more 'addictive'?
Fast onset and short half-life
What are the main criteria for substance use disorder?
Impaired control, social impairment, risky use, and pharmacological criteria
Which factor contributes to substance use disorders?
External substances such as depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, and anabolic steroids
Which substance is significantly more potent than morphine?
Fentanyl
What are the effects of kratom at lower and higher doses?
Stimulant effects at lower doses, depressant effects at higher doses
Which factor is NOT associated with an increased risk and severity of substance use?
Positive social support
What are the main criteria for substance use disorder?
Impaired control, social impairment, risky use, and pharmacological criteria
What is the purpose of the Stages of Change model in the context of substance use?
To understand the process of behavior change in individuals with substance use issues
What is a prevalent form of substance use related to bodybuilding?
Steroid use
What are the effects of opioid use on breathing?
Opioid use decreases breathing rate
What is a key characteristic of substances that are considered more 'addictive'?
Short half-life and fast onset
What is a potential side effect of using Suboxone for opioid withdrawal?
Constipation
What is a common symptom of alcohol withdrawal in the 'Minor' stage?
Coarse Tremor
What is a key consideration for pregnant individuals experiencing opioid withdrawal?
Avoiding sudden withdrawal
What is a potential risk associated with intravenous route of opioid use?
Skin infections/abscesses
What is a common effect of alcohol on heart rate while intoxicated?
Slows heart rate
Which medication is a full agonist opiate used in maintenance therapy?
Methadone
What is the recommended protocol for administering Valium in case of seizures related to alcohol withdrawal?
10mg Valium every 2 hours for a minimum of 6 doses
What are the typical withdrawal symptoms associated with stimulant use?
Muscle aches, excessive yawning, and insomnia
What is the main focus of SBIRT in addressing substance use and mental health concerns?
Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment
What are the health impacts associated with alcohol use?
Liver damage, escalating tolerance, and cognitive effects
What are the commonly prescribed benzodiazepines for anxiety, mood, and sleep disorders?
Lorazepam and Temazepam
What is a form of performance-enhancing substance related to bodybuilding?
Anabolic steroids
What is a key component of integrating a Harm Reduction philosophy to practice?
Providing access to clean needles and syringes
What is the primary focus of integrating a SBIRT approach to practice?
Screening for substance use, brief intervention, and referral to treatment
What is a foundational aspect of screening, assessment, and treatment planning for people experiencing substance use?
Understanding the bio-psycho-social aspects of substance use disorders
What is the purpose of the Stages of Change model in the context of substance use?
Understanding and addressing individuals' readiness to change their substance use behavior
What is a prevalent form of substance use related to bodybuilding?
Anabolic steroid use
What are the common health impacts associated with stimulant use like cocaine and methamphetamine?
Cardiovascular complications and neurological effects
What is the purpose of the CAGE-AID questionnaire in the context of substance use?
To screen for potential alcohol and drug use disorders
Which response to a CAGE-AID question is considered a positive screening test?
Yes to feeling guilty about alcohol or substance use
What is the interpretation of a positive response to any one question in the Universal Screening Questions for Substance Use Disorders?
Indication for further investigation using a validated assessment tool
What is the purpose of the Stages of Change model in the context of substance use?
To categorize behavior change and provide a framework for engaging clients in dialogue
What is a key component of integrating a Harm Reduction philosophy into practice?
Promoting safer substance use and minimizing the adverse consequences
What is the recommended approach for supporting a person in the 'Action' stage of change?
Planning for slips and lapses
Study Notes
Harm Reduction and Substance Use Summary
- Harm reduction aims to reduce substance-related harm without requiring abstinence and focuses on reducing negative health, social, and economic consequences related to substance use.
- It promotes public health, human rights, and social justice, as well as equity, inclusion, dignity, self-determination, and respect.
- Factors that increase the risk and severity of substance use include concurrent mental health concerns, self-medication, emotional distress, decreased coping, childhood abuse, and personal or family history.
- Substances that are more "addictive" have a fast onset, can be enhanced by various methods, and have a short half-life, leading to the need for continued use.
- The neurobiology of substance use involves immediate positive effects, which lessen with repeated use, leading to increased use and negative effects when attempting to stop.
- Substance use disorder involves impaired control, social impairment, risky use, and pharmacological criteria, leading to significant substance-related problems and harms.
- Substance use disorder can be categorized into mild, moderate, and severe based on symptoms such as craving, tolerance, withdrawal, and recurrent use in hazardous situations.
- Contributing factors to substance use disorders include internal risk factors and external substances, which fall into classes like depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, and anabolic steroids.
- Opioids engage opioid receptors and include substances like opium, heroin, prescription narcotic pain medications, fentanyl, carfentanil, and kratom.
- Fentanyl is 80-100 times more potent than morphine, while carfentanil is 10,000 times more potent, and both are part of a highly contaminated street supply.
- Kratom has properties of both opiates and stimulants, causing stimulant effects at lower doses and opiate effects at higher doses.
- Substance use and substance use disorder are complex issues influenced by various factors, including neurobiology, societal, and individual circumstances.
Substance Use and Mental Health: Key Points
- Alcohol withdrawal symptoms typically appear 6-12 hours after the last drink, with seizures occurring between 12-72 hours after stopping, and resolving within 48-72 hours.
- A seizure protocol involves administering 20mg Valium every hour for a minimum of 3 doses.
- Alcohol-related health impacts include liver damage, escalating tolerance, cognitive effects, and throat/stomach issues.
- Benzodiazepines like Lorazepam and Diazepam are commonly prescribed for anxiety, mood, and sleep disorders.
- Discontinuing long-term benzodiazepine use should be gradual to mitigate the risk of seizures.
- Stimulants like cocaine and methamphetamine can lead to various health impacts, including cardiac events and psychosis.
- Stimulant withdrawal symptoms include fatigue, agitation, mood swings, and strong cravings.
- Tobacco use is prevalent, with smoking cessation counseling being a cost-effective intervention.
- Hallucinogens like LSD and MDMA can alter sensory perceptions and thoughts.
- Steroid use for bodybuilding is a form of performance-enhancing substance.
- SBIRT involves screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment for individuals with substance use or mental health concerns.
- Screening is a formal process to identify individuals who may need further assessment for mental health or substance use disorders.
Test your knowledge of harm reduction, substance use, and substance use disorder with this comprehensive quiz. Explore the factors contributing to substance use, the neurobiology of addiction, different categories of substance use disorders, and specific substances like opioids, fentanyl, carfentanil, and kratom.
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