22 Questions
Which of the following best describes the man's condition when the narrator visited him in the hospital?
He was weak but improving
What did Mr. F. do when he discovered that the asparagus smelled funny?
He rinsed it under water and threw it away
What symptom did Mr. F. experience about an hour after tasting the asparagus?
Double vision
Which factor determines the quantity of a drug required to achieve the same concentration in different subjects?
The size of the subject
What happens when the maximum effect of a drug is reached?
The drug's effect remains constant
Besides analgesia, what other effect do opiates such as morphine and codeine have?
Decreased activity of neurons controlling heart rate
Which route of administration is the fastest and allows the drug to reach the brain within a few seconds?
Intravenous (IV) injection
Which section of the chapter discusses specific neurotransmitters and neuromodulators and the physiological and behavioral effects of specific drugs that interact with them?
Sites of Drug Actions
What is the process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within the body, metabolized, and excreted called?
Pharmacokinetics
Which route of administration involves injecting a substance into the peritoneal cavity?
Intraperitoneal (IP) injection
Which route of drug administration is commonly used to treat lung disorders?
Inhalation
Which route of drug administration involves placing the drug beneath the tongue?
Sublingual
Which route of drug administration is used to administer drugs that might upset a person's stomach?
Topical
Which route of drug administration involves injecting the drug directly into the brain?
Intracerebral
Which route of drug administration allows for the most rapid effects in the brain?
Intravenous injection
What factor determines the rate at which a drug in the bloodstream reaches sites of action within the brain?
Lipid solubility
Why do drug addicts prefer heroin to morphine?
Heroin molecules reach the brain faster than morphine molecules
How are drugs eventually removed from the body?
Deactivation by enzymes and excretion
Which of the following best describes the meaning of the term 'drug' in the context of this book?
A chemical that alters the functions of certain cells in the body when taken in low doses
What is the definition of 'exogenous' in the context of this book?
Produced from outside the body
Which of the following is NOT considered a drug according to the definition provided in the text?
Neurotransmitters
What is the main focus of psychopharmacology?
The effects of drugs on the nervous system and behavior
Study Notes
Hospital Visit
- The man's condition when the narrator visited him in the hospital is not specified.
Asparagus Incident
- Mr. F. did not eat the asparagus when he discovered it smelled funny.
- About an hour after tasting the asparagus, Mr. F. experienced an unspecified symptom.
Pharmacology
- The quantity of a drug required to achieve the same concentration in different subjects is determined by individual factors.
- When the maximum effect of a drug is reached, there is no further increase in response.
- Opiates, such as morphine and codeine, have an analgesic effect and also produce euphoria.
Drug Administration
- The fastest route of administration, allowing the drug to reach the brain within a few seconds, is intravenous injection.
- The section of the chapter discussing specific neurotransmitters and neuromodulators is related to the physiological and behavioral effects of specific drugs.
- The process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted is called pharmacokinetics.
Routes of Administration
- Intrapertoneal injection involves injecting a substance into the peritoneal cavity.
- Inhalation is a route of administration commonly used to treat lung disorders.
- Sublingual administration involves placing the drug beneath the tongue.
- Rectal administration is used to administer drugs that might upset a person's stomach.
- Intracerebral injection involves injecting the drug directly into the brain.
- Intravenous injection allows for the most rapid effects in the brain.
Drug Removal
- The rate at which a drug in the bloodstream reaches sites of action within the brain is determined by the rate of diffusion across the blood-brain barrier.
- Drug addicts prefer heroin to morphine because of its rapid onset of action.
- Drugs are eventually removed from the body through excretion.
Definitions
- In the context of this book, a drug is a substance that affects the body's functions or structures.
- Exogenous refers to substances originating from outside the body.
- Oxygen is not considered a drug according to the definition provided in the text.
- The main focus of psychopharmacology is the study of the effects of drugs on the brain and behavior.
Quiz: Test Your Knowledge on Subcutaneous Injections and Drug Absorption Test your understanding of subcutaneous injections and drug absorption with this quiz. Learn about the benefits and limitations of subcutaneous injections, as well as the factors that influence drug absorption. Discover how fat-soluble drugs can be administered using vegetable oil and explore the concept of slow and prolonged drug absorption.
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