Sub-fields of Biology Quiz

Biology encompasses various branches and sub-disciplines, broadly categorized into Zoology, Botany, and Microbiology.
Some sub-disciplines are longstanding, while others are emerging and rapidly evolving.

Focuses on animal biology, studying diverse forms such as reptiles (herpetology), fish (ichthyology), mammals (mammalogy), birds (ornithology), and insects (entomology).
Examines aspects of animal life including embryonic development, behaviors, interactions, and genetics.
Engages with native wildlife, illustrated by endemic species like the Waliya ibex.

The study of plants, encompassing their structure, properties, biochemical processes, classification, diseases, and environmental interactions.
Provides foundational principles for agriculture, horticulture, and forestry.
Essential for life on Earth, as plants perform photosynthesis, converting sunlight into chemical energy and releasing oxygen, a vital process for all organisms.
Example plant noted is Ruta chalepensis L., known locally as ‘Tena Adam’, recognized for its medicinal properties.

Focus on microscopic organisms (microbes) including bacteria, archaea, protists, viruses, algae, and fungi.
Sub-disciplines like bacteriology (study of bacteria) and mycology (study of fungi) further characterize the field.
Significant challenges persist in identifying many microbial species due to difficulties in isolation.
The field is evolving quickly with advances in technology facilitating the discovery of new microbes.

Morphology: Studies external forms and structures of organisms (e.g., shapes and textures of leaves).
Anatomy: Investigates bodily structures revealed through dissection (e.g., organs like the stomach and liver).
Histology: Explores the details of tissue structures (e.g., parenchyma, connective tissue).
Cytology: Focuses on the study of cells (e.g., plant cells, nerve cells).
Cell Biology: Examines the structure and functions of cellular components (e.g., mitochondria, ribosomes).
Molecular Biology: Investigates informational molecules’ structures and functions (e.g., DNA, RNA).

Other biology branches explore various life processes such as reproduction, evolution, and environmental relationships.
Physiology: Studies normal functions of organisms and their parts (e.g., photosynthesis, digestion).
Embryology: Looks at embryo formation from a zygote through developmental stages (e.g., structure and development of ova and sperm).