Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the hydrophobic effect refer to?
What does the hydrophobic effect refer to?
- The process by which water molecules form hydrogen bonds
- The tendency of nonpolar molecules to aggregate in an aqueous environment (correct)
- The attraction between polar molecules and water
- The repulsion between nonpolar molecules and water
Which of these diagrams would best represent the hydrophobic effect?
Which of these diagrams would best represent the hydrophobic effect?
- A diagram showing nonpolar molecules surrounded by water molecules
- A diagram showing nonpolar molecules clumping together in water (correct)
- A diagram showing water molecules forming a lattice structure
- A diagram showing polar molecules surrounded by nonpolar molecules
What happens to the entropy of hydrophobic molecules when they aggregate?
What happens to the entropy of hydrophobic molecules when they aggregate?
- Entropy increases because the molecules become more disordered
- Entropy decreases because the molecules become more disordered
- Entropy decreases because the molecules become more ordered (correct)
- Entropy increases because the molecules become more ordered
How does the entropy of the surrounding water change during the hydrophobic effect?
How does the entropy of the surrounding water change during the hydrophobic effect?
What is the primary driving force behind the hydrophobic effect?
What is the primary driving force behind the hydrophobic effect?
Flashcards
Hydrophobic Effect
Hydrophobic Effect
The tendency of nonpolar molecules to aggregate in aqueous solution, minimizing their exposure to water.
Entropy in Hydrophobic Aggregation
Entropy in Hydrophobic Aggregation
The entropy of hydrophobic molecules increases when they aggregate, as they reduce water's structured arrangement.
Solvent Entropy Change
Solvent Entropy Change
The entropy of the solvent decreases when hydrophobic molecules aggregate due to the formation of clathrate structures.
Driving Force of Hydrophobic Effect
Driving Force of Hydrophobic Effect
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Clathrate Structures
Clathrate Structures
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Study Notes
Drawing Practice - Study Skills
- Illustrate the hydrophobic effect: Use circles/squares for nonpolar molecules, and triangles for water molecules. A diagram is given in the material.
Hydrophobic Molecules Aggregation and Entropy
- Is the entropy of hydrophobic molecules increasing or decreasing when they aggregate? The entropy decreases.
- How do you know? The hydrophobic molecules are more ordered when aggregated, reducing the total number of possible arrangements.
Solvent Entropy in Hydrophobic Effect
- When does solvent entropy increase or decrease in the hydrophobic effect? It decreases.
- How do you know? The formation of a clathrate structure around the hydrophobic molecules restricts the movement of water molecules, decreasing their entropy.
Driving Force Behind Hydrophobic Effect
- What is the driving force for the hydrophobic effect? Hydrophobic interactions result from a balance of enthalpy and entropy changes. The decreased entropy of the solvent is offset by the decrease in enthalpy due to maximized favorable interactions between the nonpolar molecules. This leads to the hydrophobic molecules aggregating.
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