Study Notes Generation

Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) is used for streaming multimedia data, such as video or audio, over a network.

ZigBee is a low-power, low-data rate wireless standard designed for personal area networks (PANs). It's commonly used in home automation devices because it uses less energy and has lower bandwidth demands than other wireless protocols.

The Internet layer of the TCP/IP model is responsible for addressing and routing messages through a network of networks. It's crucial for sending data packets across the internet.

A DNS server (Domain Name System) is like a phone book for the internet. It translates human-readable website names (like 'google.com') into numerical IP addresses that computers understand.

Proprietary protocols are controlled by a specific company or vendor, who dictates how they work and who can use them. They are distinct from open standards, which are freely accessible and used by anyone.

DNS (Domain Name System) converts human-readable domain names (like 'google.com') into numerical IP addresses, which are required for computers to connect to each other.

Port 110 is associated with the POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3) service, used for receiving emails on a client device.

The ipconfig command in Windows provides information about the IP configuration of a computer. It displays details like IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server settings.

A peer-to-peer (P2P) network allows devices to share resources directly with each other without a central server. This is in contrast to client-server networks, where a server manages access to resources.

A virus is a type of malware that can replicate itself and spread to other computers, often attached to a program or file. They can damage your computer's files or steal your personal information.

Quality of Service (QoS) prioritizes different types of network traffic, allowing critical data like voice and video to be handled with higher priority than less urgent data like web browsing.

The 'global routing prefix' part of an IPv6 address is assigned by the network provider. It identifies the overall network the device belongs to.

The 'subnet ID' part of an IPv6 address allows an organization to further divide a network into smaller segments, called subnets.

The 'interface ID' part of an IPv6 address is like the host portion of an IPv4 address, uniquely identifying a specific device on the network.

The TCP/IP model includes layers for application, transport, internet, and network access. A file transfer uses FTP (File Transfer Protocol) at the application layer. Data travels through all these layers to reach the server.

A 'store-and-forward' switch receives the entire frame before forwarding it. It verifies the frame length and CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) before forwarding. This method ensures data integrity at the cost of slightly higher latency.

A 'cut-through' switch starts forwarding data as soon as it receives the destination address, even before the entire frame is received. This reduces latency but increases the risk of forwarding corrupt frames.

The default gateway is the router interface on a local network that allows devices to access other networks. In this case, the default gateway for H1 is the G0/0 interface of R1.

Internet Messenger (IM) is a communication protocol specifically designed for instant messaging. It enables real-time text-based communication and sometimes includes features like file sharing, video calls, and more.

A Trojan horse is a malware that disguises itself as a legitimate program or file. It's deceptively harmless but contains malicious code that can steal data, take control of your computer, or cause other harm.

HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) encrypts communication between a web browser and a website, ensuring that data is securely transmitted and protected from eavesdropping, making it safe for transactions like online banking.

A DoS (Denial of Service) attack intentionally overwhelms a network or server with traffic, making it unavailable to legitimate users. It's like flooding a website with fake requests so real users can't access it.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is responsible for sending emails from one email server to another. It's the protocol that handles the delivery of your emails.

The transport layer is responsible for managing the reliable delivery of data between two applications. It's like the middleman that makes sure your data gets from one application to another without errors or loss.

Attenuation is a weakening or loss of signal strength over a long distance. It's like a whisper getting fainter as you walk away from the speaker.

The ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) table is like an address book for MAC addresses. It helps devices on a local network find each other by mapping their IP addresses to their MAC addresses. It's used to find the MAC address of another device on the network before sending a frame.

A rogue access point is an unauthorized wireless access point that is connected to a network without the knowledge or permission of the network administrator. It can be used to steal sensitive information or cause other harm.

A worm is a type of self-replicating malware that can spread across a network without any user intervention. It can spread rapidly and cause significant damage to computers and networks.

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is the foundation of communication for the World Wide Web. It's the protocol used to transfer web pages, images, and other data between web servers and web browsers.

Port 53 is associated with the DNS (Domain Name System) service. It is used to resolve domain names (like 'google.com') into IP addresses (numerical addresses computers use to communicate).

An IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) monitors network traffic looking for malicious activity, and takes steps to block or mitigate threats in real-time. It's like a security guard that stops threats before they can harm your network.