Student Medical Management: Acute MI Treatment Goals
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Questions and Answers

What is the goal of medical management for patients with acute MI?

  • To administer excessive oxygen
  • To preserve myocardial function (correct)
  • To ignore myocardial complications
  • To increase myocardial damage

    • How are the goals of medical management for acute MI facilitated?

  • By using guidelines developed by the ACC and AHA (correct)
  • By ignoring guidelines
  • By minimizing oxygen supply
  • By developing new guidelines

    • What does the resolution of pain and ECG changes indicate in patients with acute MI?

  • Increased myocardial damage
  • Complications
  • Decreased oxygen supply
  • Reperfusion (correct)

    • What is the evidence of reperfusion in patients with acute MI?

    <p>Visualization of blood flow through an open vessel in the catheterization laboratory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the patient with suspected MI immediately receive?

    <p>Supplemental oxygen, aspirin, nitroglycerin, and morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of morphine in patients with acute MI?

    <p>To reduce preload and afterload, decreasing the work of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of thrombolytics in the management of acute MI?

    <p>To promote reperfusion and minimize the size of the infarction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a beta-blocker be introduced in the management of acute MI?

    <p>Within 24 hours of admission, once hemodynamics have stabilized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is frequently referred to as 'door-to-balloon time' in the context of acute MI management?

    <p>The time from patient's arrival in the ED to the time PCI is performed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key objective of cardiac rehabilitation for patients who have had an MI?

    <p>To limit the effects and progression of atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What intervention is preferred as the initial treatment method for acute MI in all age groups?

    <p>Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of unfractionated heparin or LMWH in the management of acute MI?

    <p>To prevent further clot formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse outcome associated with morphine in the context of acute MI?

    <p>Increased mortality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is initiated when primary PCI is not available or transport time to a PCI-capable hospital is too long?

    <p>Thrombolytic therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should thrombolytics be administered for best results?

    <p>Within 90 minutes of symptom onset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ACE inhibitors in patients after MI?

    <p>To decrease mortality rates and prevent remodeling of myocardial cells associated with heart failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is frequently referred to as 'door-to-needle time' in the context of acute MI management?

    <p>The time from patient's arrival in the ED to administration of thrombolytics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medication should be prescribed if an ACE inhibitor is not suitable for a patient after MI?

    <p>Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of patient education during early hospital mobilization?

    <p>Medication regimen and rest-activity balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does Phase II of cardiac rehabilitation occur?

    <p>After the patient has been discharged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of Phase II cardiac rehabilitation?

    <p>Individualized exercise training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of Phase III of cardiac rehabilitation?

    <p>Maintaining cardiovascular stability and long-term conditioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the amount and type of activity recommended at discharge?

    <p>Patient's condition before the cardiac event and the extent of the disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Phase III of cardiac rehabilitation focus on?

    <p>Long-term cardiovascular stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Phase II, who alerts the referring primary provider to any problems with the patient?

    <p>Cardiac rehabilitation staff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the priorities for in-hospital education?

    <p>Follow-up appointments with the primary provider and medication regimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the amount and type of activity recommended at discharge?

    <p>Patient's age, condition before cardiac event, and development of complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during Phase III of cardiac rehabilitation?

    <p>Maintaining cardiovascular stability and long-term conditioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does in-hospital education focus on during early mobilization?

    <p>Medication regimen and rest–activity balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the priorities for in-hospital education according to the text?

    <p>Signs and symptoms requiring emergency assistance, medication regimen, rest–activity balance, and follow-up appointments with the primary provider</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of medical management for patients with acute MI?

    <p>Reduce myocardial oxygen demand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the evidence of reperfusion in patients with acute MI?

    <p>Visualization of blood flow through an open vessel in the catheterization laboratory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the patient with suspected MI immediately receive?

    <p>Supplemental oxygen, aspirin, nitroglycerin, and morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the drug of choice to reduce pain and anxiety in patients with suspected MI?

    <p>Morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of aspirin in the initial management of patients with acute MI?

    <p>To minimize myocardial damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal for treating patients with acute MI?

    <p>To minimize myocardial damage by reducing myocardial oxygen demand and increasing oxygen supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of nitroglycerin in the initial management of patients with suspected MI?

    <p>To decrease chest pain by dilating blood vessels and reducing preload</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a patient with suspected MI receive supplemental oxygen?

    <p>As soon as possible without delay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the response to morphine need to be carefully monitored for?

    <p>Decreased respiratory rate or hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred method to reduce pain and anxiety in patients with suspected MI?

    <p>Morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Phase II cardiac rehabilitation?

    <p>Physical activity guidelines and gradual progression of activity level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the evidence of equilibrium between demand and supply in patients with acute MI?

    <p>Both resolution of pain and ECG changes, and visualization of blood flow through an open vessel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of patient education during early hospital mobilization?

    <p>Medication regimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the amount and type of activity recommended at discharge?

    <p>Patient's age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Phase II of cardiac rehabilitation consist of?

    <p>Supervised, often ECG-monitored, exercise training that is not individualized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Phase III of cardiac rehabilitation focus on?

    <p>Long-term cardiovascular stability and conditioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential adverse outcome associated with morphine in the context of acute MI?

    <p>Respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is frequently referred to as 'door-to-balloon time' in the context of acute MI management?

    <p>'Hospital arrival to balloon inflation' time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of thrombolytics in the management of acute MI?

    <p>To dissolve blood clots in the coronary arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key objective of cardiac rehabilitation for patients who have had an MI?

    <p>Long-term cardiovascular stability and conditioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the priorities for in-hospital education according to the text?

    <p>Signs and symptoms that indicate the need to call 911, medication regimen, rest–activity balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does Phase II of cardiac rehabilitation occur?

    <p>3 to 6 weeks after hospital discharge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the amount and type of activity recommended at discharge?

    <p>Patient's age and condition before the cardiac event</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the priorities for in-hospital education during early mobilization?

    <p>Signs and symptoms that indicate the need to call 911 and medication regimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of thrombolytics in the management of acute MI?

    <p>To minimize the size of the infarction and preserve ventricular function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should thrombolytics be administered for best results?

    <p>Within 30 minutes of symptom onset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during Phase III of cardiac rehabilitation?

    <p>Physical conditioning is achieved gradually over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of morphine in patients with acute MI?

    <p>To alleviate pain and anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of medical management for patients with acute MI?

    <p>To promote reperfusion to the area deprived of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the priorities for in-hospital education?

    <p>Patient and family education, individual and group support, physical activity, and risk reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What intervention is preferred as the initial treatment method for acute MI in all age groups?

    <p>Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the patient with suspected MI immediately receive?

    <p>Aspirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the priorities for in-hospital education according to the text?

    <p>Patient and family education, individual and group support, physical activity, and risk reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medication should be prescribed if an ACE inhibitor is not suitable for a patient after MI?

    <p>Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the resolution of pain and ECG changes indicate in patients with acute MI?

    <p>Reperfusion to the area that has been deprived of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is frequently referred to as 'door-to-balloon time' in the context of acute MI management?

    <p>The time from patient’s arrival in the ED to the time PCI is performed should be less than 90 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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