Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What marked the transition from the Paleolithic to the Mesolithic age?
Which period is associated with major scientific and technological advances following the collapse of the Roman Empire?
What was one effect of the decline of science in Europe during the Middle Age?
Which period emphasized the use of reason over mythology and religion?
Signup and view all the answers
Which technological advancement was NOT characteristic of the Iron Age?
Signup and view all the answers
What was one of the primary solutions Filipino scientists provided during the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Period?
Signup and view all the answers
Who was pivotal in integrating mathematics into universities during Antiquity?
Signup and view all the answers
Which civilization is noted for developing the Academy and Lyceum during Antiquity?
Signup and view all the answers
Which administration saw a 100% increase in crop production from 1946 to 1956?
Signup and view all the answers
What negative effect resulted from the Filipinization of government during the Rehabilitation period?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes the technological revolution during the Iron Age?
Signup and view all the answers
Which act extended duty-free trade during the Magsaysay Administration?
Signup and view all the answers
Who organized the Division of Plant Breeding during the Magsaysay Administration?
Signup and view all the answers
What major program did the Quirino Administration initiate for economic recovery?
Signup and view all the answers
What contributed to rampant issues of graft and corruption in the post-war government?
Signup and view all the answers
What agricultural advancement was noted in the Magsaysay Administration?
Signup and view all the answers
What was one of the main functions of the Bureau of Science during its early years?
Signup and view all the answers
Which act replaced the Philippine Commission with the House of Representatives?
Signup and view all the answers
What major event caused further losses to the Bureau of Science, including retrenchment?
Signup and view all the answers
Which institution was established in 1908 to advance higher education in the Philippines?
Signup and view all the answers
During the Rehabilitation & Reconstruction Period, who became the first president of the Independent Republic?
Signup and view all the answers
What policy was adopted by President Carlos Garcia during his administration?
Signup and view all the answers
What significant change did the National Science Board undergo during Garcia's administration?
Signup and view all the answers
What was a notable achievement in agricultural research during Garcia's administration?
Signup and view all the answers
What economic policy did Diosdado Macapagal implement during his presidency?
Signup and view all the answers
What institution was established in 1960 during the Macapagal administration?
Signup and view all the answers
What was a key focus of research during the Marcos era?
Signup and view all the answers
What major action did President Marcos take with Proclamation 1081?
Signup and view all the answers
Which major development occurred at the UP College of Agriculture during the Marcos administration?
Signup and view all the answers
Which event significantly shortened the route from the Philippines to Europe during the Spanish period?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the primary focus of Spanish officials during their colonial period in the Philippines?
Signup and view all the answers
What was a key recommendation made by the Schurman Commission?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following civilizations is known for its development of quipu?
Signup and view all the answers
Who introduced the concept of zero as a placeholder in mathematics?
Signup and view all the answers
What major contribution did Ibn al-Haitham make to science?
Signup and view all the answers
In which civilization was mandatory education a prominent feature?
Signup and view all the answers
Which Asian mathematician is associated with the introduction of trigonometric functions?
Signup and view all the answers
Which administration is known for the passage of the Magna Carta for Science and Technology Personnel?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following acts was NOT passed during the Joseph Estrada Administration?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterized the Gloria Arroyo Administration regarding science and technology?
Signup and view all the answers
Which law relates to the modernization of agriculture and fisheries during the Benigno Aquino III Administration?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the key themes during the Fidel Ramos Administration?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of the electronic jeepney?
Signup and view all the answers
Which invention was created by Maria Orosa during World War II due to a shortage of tomatoes?
Signup and view all the answers
What unique feature distinguishes Rolando dela Cruz's mole remover?
Signup and view all the answers
What material did del Mundo use to create a makeshift medical incubator?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is credited with the invention of erythromycin?
Signup and view all the answers
Which proclamation placed the Philippines under Martial Law?
Signup and view all the answers
What agency was reorganized to become the National Science and Technology Authority (NSTA)?
Signup and view all the answers
Which organization was created during President Corazon Aquino's administration?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the purpose of the Task Force on Science and Technology Development created in 1989?
Signup and view all the answers
Which organization was mandated to formulate a comprehensive National Plan for Science and Technology?
Signup and view all the answers
During which years did Martial Law in the Philippines take place?
Signup and view all the answers
Which agency was responsible for agricultural research during the Marcos era?
Signup and view all the answers
What significant restructuring occurred after the lifting of Martial Law?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the primary contribution of Nicholas Copernicus to the scientific community?
Signup and view all the answers
Which scientific principle was introduced by Galileo?
Signup and view all the answers
What was a controversial work published by Charles Darwin?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the initial response of the Catholic Church to the Copernican model?
Signup and view all the answers
What significant advancement did the Maya civilization contribute in terms of mathematics?
Signup and view all the answers
What aspect of society did the Industrial Revolution notably affect?
Signup and view all the answers
Which model suggests that the Earth is at the center of the universe?
Signup and view all the answers
What did the publication of Copernicus' theory initiate?
Signup and view all the answers
Which law was focused on the modernization of the Philippine weather agency?
Signup and view all the answers
Who was awarded the Order of National Scientist for contributions in agriculture during Rodrigo Duterte's administration?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the primary objectives of science education in schools?
Signup and view all the answers
What innovative vehicle was introduced as a response to air pollution caused by traditional jeepneys?
Signup and view all the answers
Which act is associated with the development of programs to attract scientists back to the Philippines?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Period (1945-1948)
- Filipino scientists tackled food and fuel shortages, and public health issues post World War II.
- Innovations included converting coconut oil into ethyl alcohol and fermenting cassava.
- Emphasis on using indigenous materials and recycling food for animal feed.
- Gradual Filipinization of government led to inefficiencies and corruption, impacting scientific development.
- The Bureau of Science faced budget constraints, limiting research initiatives.
Quirino Administration (1948-1953)
- President Elpidio Quirino sought U.S. aid, resulting in the Bell Mission and $250 million in funding.
- The Institute of Science was restructured and renamed as the Institute of Science and Technology.
- Significant increase in crop production (100% from 1946-1956) supported by improved livestock and timber demand.
Magsaysay Administration (1953-1957)
- President Ramon Magsaysay committed to rural upliftment through land reform and infrastructural development.
- Introduced technical advice for farmers and extended duty-free trade under the Bell Trade Act.
- Significant scientific activity peaked in 1956, with RA No. 1237 offering privileges to scientists and inventors.
- Establishment of the Philippine Seed Board and the National Rice and Corn Cooperative Movement Program.
Garcia Administration (1957-1961)
- President Carlos Garcia adopted the "Filipino First Policy" promoting local industry and research.
- The National Science Development Board (NSDB) was elevated, enhancing scientific research capability.
- 1959 recognized as the "crop year" due to significant agricultural improvements despite drought challenges.
Macapagal Administration (1961-1965)
- President Diosdado Macapagal lifted foreign exchange controls, affecting local business competition.
- NSDB given broader research mandates with the establishment of the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) and the Philippine Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC).
- Formation of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in 1960 emphasized agricultural research.
Marcos Era (1965-1986)
- President Ferdinand Marcos emphasized rural and economic development through Proclamation 1081.
- Reorganization of government agencies focused on science and technology.
- Creation of multiple research institutions: Philippine Council for Agricultural Research, National Academy of Science and Technology, and others.
- Proclamation 2045 ended Martial Law, leading to the reestablishment of comprehensive science and technology plans under the National Science and Technology Authority (NSTA).
Post-EDSA Revolution (1986-Present)
- Under President Corazon Aquino, reforms addressed economic crises and reorganized the NSTA into the Department of Science and Technology (DOST).
- Fidel Ramos championed science as a pathway to a newly industrialized nation, leading to the Magna Carta for Science and Technology Personnel.
- Multiple laws passed relating to clean air, electronic commerce, and agricultural mechanization during successive administrations.
Famous Filipino Inventions
- Electronic Jeepney (e-jeep): A modern eco-friendly alternative to traditional jeepneys, addressing air pollution.
- Erythromycin: An antibiotic discovered by Abelardo Aguilar from Streptomyces erythreus but not credited appropriately.
- Mole Remover: Rolando dela Cruz developed a non-invasive solution using cashew nut extracts.
- Banana Ketchup: Maria Orosa's invention during wartime shortages used available ingredients to create a new condiment.
- Medical Incubator: Dr. Fe del Mundo designed a bamboo incubator in 1941 for rural communities lacking electricity.
Science Education Initiatives
- Development of a "science culture" emphasized through institutions like the Philippine Science High School System and Regional Science High Schools.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the significant contributions of Filipino scientists during the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Period from 1945 to 1948. This quiz highlights innovative solutions addressing food and fuel shortages, as well as the impact of Filipinization on scientific development in the country.