4.6 Structures and Sculptures
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Questions and Answers

Who designed bridges and viaducts for different projects in France?

  • A government official
  • Gustave Eiffel (correct)
  • William Morris
  • An anonymous engineer
  • What was the main component in buildings, railroads, and shipping during the Industrial Revolution?

  • Steel (correct)
  • Brick
  • Concrete
  • Wood
  • What did William Morris design patterns for?

  • Textiles (correct)
  • Metalwork
  • Glassware
  • Pottery
  • How did Gustave Eiffel support his tower's construction?

    <p>By having steel manufactured with steam power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What enabled mass production of goods and materials during the Industrial Revolution?

    <p>Extensive manufacturing facilities and abundance of coal and power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did private citizens start doing to support the arts during this time?

    <p>They also started supporting the arts financially</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did engineers design a preliminary concept for in France?

    <p>A tower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who endorsed the plan for the Eiffel Tower and acquired the patents and design rights?

    <p>Gustave Eiffel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did critics fear about the Eiffel Tower's design?

    <p>It would overshadow Parisian landmarks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Eiffel compare the tower to when defending it?

    <p>The grandeur of the pyramids in Egypt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Eiffel Tower symbolize during its construction?

    <p>Progress and prosperity during the industrial revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much iron was used to build the completed Eiffel Tower in order to withstand wind forces?

    <p>7000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was the Eiffel Tower surpassed as the world's tallest structure?

    <p>1930 when the Chrysler Building was built</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Rodin's first government commission inspired by?

    <p>The Divine Comedy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many castings of 'The Burghers of Calais' have been made?

    <p>12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Eiffel and the Eiffel Tower

    • Eiffel endorsed the plan for the Eiffel Tower and acquired the patents and design rights
    • Critics objected to the tower's design, fearing it would overshadow Parisian landmarks
    • Eiffel defended the tower, comparing it to the grandeur of the pyramids in Egypt
    • The tower was built during the industrial revolution, symbolizing progress and prosperity
    • Over 5,000 drawings were made for the tower, with more than 100 workers involved in its construction
    • The completed tower used over 7,000 tons of iron to withstand wind forces
    • The tower was the world's tallest structure until 1930 when the Chrysler Building was built
    • Auguste Rodin, influenced by Michelangelo, created realistic and emotional sculptures
    • Rodin's first government commission was "The Gates of Hell," inspired by the Divine Comedy
    • Rodin's "The Thinker" was originally part of "The Gates of Hell"
    • Rodin's "The Burghers of Calais" depicted the agony of six men and was installed on a pedestal against the artist's wishes
    • Twelve castings of "The Burghers of Calais" have been made, including one at Stanford University

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