10 Questions
What type of bonding do metals have?
Metallic bonding
Why are carbon structures like graphite not close packed?
They have tetrahedral bonding
What are ionic solids made up of?
Cations and anions
What happens to the size of cations and anions when they become charged?
Cations increase, anions decrease in size
Why do cations lose electrons to become positively charged?
To become stable
Qu'est-ce qui caractérise le type de liaison dans les solides ioniques?
Directionnel
Quelle est la principale caractéristique de la liaison métallique par rapport à la liaison ionique?
Non directionnelle
Pourquoi les structures de carbone comme le graphite ne sont-elles pas étroitement emballées?
En raison de la liaison covalente directionnelle
Quel type de liaison est représenté par le carbone dans le graphite, le diamant, le nanotube et le fullerène?
Liaison covalente
Qu'est-ce qui caractérise la taille des cations et des anions dans les solides ioniques?
Les cations sont généralement plus petits que les anions
Study Notes
Bonding in Solids
- Metals have delocalized bonding, where electrons are free to move throughout the metal lattice.
- Carbon structures like graphite are not close-packed because of the way carbon atoms bond with each other; they form flat, two-dimensional layers with weak interlayer forces.
Ionic Solids
- Ionic solids are made up of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negatively charged ions).
- When ions become charged, cations lose electrons to become positively charged, while anions gain electrons to become negatively charged.
- The size of cations and anions changes when they become charged, with cations typically decreasing in size and anions increasing in size.
Characteristics of Bonding
- Ionic solids are characterized by electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
- Metallic bonding is characterized by the delocalization of electrons throughout the metal lattice, allowing for electrical conductivity.
- The type of bonding represented by carbon in graphite, diamond, nanotubes, and fullerenes is covalent bonding.
Additional Notes
- The main characteristic of ionic solids is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
- The main characteristic of metallic bonding is the delocalization of electrons, which allows for electrical conductivity and malleability.
Test your knowledge on the structure of ionic solids, metals, and carbon allotropes with this quiz. Explore concepts of metallic bonding, crystalline structures, and the unique properties of graphite, diamond, and nanotubes.
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