Structure of Atom Study Cards

Questions and Answers

What are the 3 main subatomic particles?

Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons (correct)

Protons, Neutrinos, and Electrons

Photons, Neutrons, and Electrons

Protons, Electrons, and Neutrons (correct)

What is the nucleus of an atom?

The nucleus contains protons and neutrons.

How does the diameter of the nucleus compare to the diameter of the atom?

The larger the diameter of the nucleus, the larger the diameter and mass of the atom.

What are protons, their charge, and where are they found?

Protons are subatomic particles that have a positive charge and they are found in the nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

What are neutrons, their charge, and where are they located?

Neutrons are subatomic particles that are neutrally charged and found in the nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

What are electrons, their charge, and where are they found?

Electrons are subatomic particles that are negatively charged and are found in energy levels swirling around the nucleus in an electron cloud. Signup and view all the answers

How does the mass of an electron compare to protons and neutrons?

The mass of an electron is about 1,830 times smaller than protons and neutrons. Signup and view all the answers

An atom is neutral if the number of protons and electrons are why?

If the same amount of protons and the same amount of electrons are balanced. Signup and view all the answers

What is an ion? What is a positive ion? What is a negative ion?

An ion is any atom that has a charge, usually due to exchange of electrons during bonding. A positive ion has more protons than electrons. A negative ion has more electrons than protons. Signup and view all the answers

How many subatomic particles are in the simplest atom? What element is the simplest atom?

The simplest atom has one proton and one electron. The simplest atom is hydrogen. Signup and view all the answers

What is the atomic number of an element?

The atomic number tells how many protons are in the element. Signup and view all the answers

What is the atomic number of carbon and iron?

The atomic number of carbon is 6. The atomic number of iron is 26. Signup and view all the answers

What is an isotope?

An isotope is an atom that has the same atomic number, but different amount of neutrons. Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass number? Why aren't electrons included in the mass number?

The mass number of an atom is the combination of the mass of the protons and neutrons. Electrons are not included because their mass is so minute that it doesn't change the total mass much. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Subatomic Particles

Main subatomic particles include protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Protons have a positive charge, neutrons are neutrally charged, and electrons have a negative charge.

Nucleus of an Atom

The nucleus is the central part of an atom where protons and neutrons are located.
The size of the nucleus is relatively small compared to the overall size of the atom.

Atomic Structure

The diameter of the nucleus is much smaller than the atom itself, which influences the overall mass and size of the atom.
Atoms are neutral when the number of protons equals the number of electrons, balancing positive and negative charges.

Protons and Neutrons

Protons are found in the nucleus and define the atomic number of an element.
Neutrons are also located in the nucleus and help stabilize the atom’s structure.

Electrons

Electrons are located in energy levels around the nucleus, forming an electron cloud.
The mass of an electron is approximately 1,830 times less than that of protons and neutrons.

Ions

An ion is a charged atom resulting from the loss or gain of electrons.
A positive ion (cation) has more protons than electrons, while a negative ion (anion) has more electrons than protons.

Hydrogen Atom

The simplest atom is hydrogen, consisting of one proton and one electron.

Atomic Number

The atomic number of an element indicates the number of protons present in its nucleus.
Carbon has an atomic number of 6, while iron has an atomic number of 26.

Isotopes

Isotopes are variants of an element that have the same atomic number but different neutron counts.

Mass Number

The mass number of an atom is the sum of its protons and neutrons.
Electrons are negligible in mass and are not counted in the mass number.

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Description

Explore the fundamental components of the atom with these study cards. Learn about subatomic particles, the nucleus, and the relationship between the size of the nucleus and the atom. Perfect for anyone preparing for a chemistry exam or refreshing their knowledge.