Structure of Atom: Nucleus and Electron Cloud

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Questions and Answers

What is the atomic number of an element with 18 protons?

  • 36
  • 54
  • 18 (correct)
  • 72

Which of the following pairs of elements are isobars?

  • Hydrogen-1 and Helium-4
  • Fluorine-19 and Sodium-19 (correct)
  • Carbon-14 and Nitrogen-14
  • Oxygen-16 and Neon-16

What is the atomic mass of an element with 8 neutrons and 7 protons?

  • 17.0 amu
  • 15.0 amu
  • 14.0 amu
  • 16.0 amu (correct)

Which of the following elements has the most stable isotope?

<p>Carbon-12 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the electron cloud in an atom?

<p>Electrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the element's atomic number?

<p>The number of protons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of atomic bond occurs when atoms share electrons to create a stable electron configuration?

<p>Covalent bonds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an ionic bond, what happens to create a positive and negative ion?

<p>Atoms lose or gain electrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central part of an atom that contains protons and neutrons?

<p>Nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of the conductivity of metals?

<p>The delocalized and freely moving electrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do isotopes of an element differ from each other?

<p>They have different atomic masses but the same number of protons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the chemical properties of an element?

<p>The arrangement of valence electrons in the electron cloud (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the periodic table, elements in the same group have the same number of what type of electrons?

<p>Valence electrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for holding atoms together in metallic bonds?

<p>The electromagnetic force (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Atomic Number

The number of protons in an atom's nucleus.

Isotopes

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons (and therefore different masses).

Atomic Mass

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.

Stable Isotope

The stable form of an element that occurs most naturally.

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Electrons

The negatively charged particles orbiting the atom's nucleus.

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Covalent Bond

The type of bond formed when atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.

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Ionic Bond

The type of bond formed when atoms transfer electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.

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Nucleus

The central part of an atom, containing protons and neutrons.

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Metallic Conductivity

The ability of a material to conduct electricity due to free-moving electrons.

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Valence Electrons

The outermost shell of electrons in an atom.

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Groups (Periodic Table)

The columns in the periodic table, where elements share similar chemical properties.

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Metallic Bonding

The force that holds atoms together in metals through the 'sea' of electrons.

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Electron Configuration

The arrangement of electrons in an atom's energy levels.

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Chemical Properties

The ability of an element to form chemical bonds, which is determined by the valence electrons.

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