Structure of Atom Basics

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Questions and Answers

Who is credited with explaining the nature of matter and proposing that all substances are made up of atoms?

  • J.J. Thompson
  • Democritus (correct)
  • Bohr
  • John Dalton

Which scientist proposed the concept that atoms are indivisible?

  • Goldstein
  • Rutherford
  • John Dalton (correct)
  • Bohr

What did Democritus propose about atoms?

  • Atoms are indivisible (correct)
  • Atoms are constantly moving
  • Atoms are visible to the naked eye
  • Atoms are created in chemical reactions

What did John Dalton propose about elements?

<p>Elements are composed of atoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the atomic theory proposed by Dalton, how are atoms involved in a chemical reaction?

<p>Atoms rearrange or combine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist was NOT mentioned as having proposed concepts related to the atom by the early 20th century?

<p>Democritus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who discovered the nucleus of an atom through the alpha scattering experiment?

<p>Ernest Rutherford (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Ernest Rutherford call the positively charged particles concentrated in the nucleus?

<p>Protons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did James Chadwick contribute to our understanding of atomic structure?

<p>He discovered neutrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the major problem left unsolved by Rutherford's atomic model?

<p>The ratio of helium to hydrogen atom mass (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mass ratio between a neutron and a proton?

<p>Equal masses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which English physicist provided evidence for the existence of neutrons in the nucleus?

<p>James Chadwick (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the actual mass of a neutron in grams?

<p>1.67 x 10^-24 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are electrons primarily located within an atom?

<p>Outside the nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which subatomic particle contributes to stabilizing the nucleic charge of the atom?

<p>Electrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the atomic number of an element?

<p>Describing the total number of protons in its nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which particles make up the nucleus of an atom?

<p>Neutrons and protons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What provides insight into chemical reactions, bonds, and physical properties of elements?

<p>'Atomic structure' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes an atom electrically neutral?

<p>Equal number of protons and electrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During absorption, what happens to an electron?

<p>It absorbs energy and moves to a higher energy level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model suggested that electrons move around the nucleus in definite orbits or energy levels?

<p>Bohr's model (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the maximum number of electrons each orbit can hold?

<p>Energy level of the orbit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept outlines the electrical interaction between atoms?

<p>Chemical bonding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In chemical bonding, what are formed by the electrical tendencies of electrons between atoms?

<p>Bonds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when electrons jump from higher to lower orbits?

<p>They release energy as light (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of Bohr's model related to spectral lines?

<p>Unable to predict relative intensities of spectral lines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Bohr's model fail to account for accelerating electrons emitting electromagnetic radiation?

<p>Incorrectly assumes electrons are stationary (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental flaw in Bohr's model regarding electron movement?

<p>It assumes electrons move in fixed orbits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of atomic theory was postulated by Bohr's model?

<p>Quantization of electron orbits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist developed the idea of discreet energies for electromagnetic radiation?

<p>Max Planck (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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