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Questions and Answers
The nucleus of an atom contains both negatively charged electrons and positively charged protons.
False
An atom is considered electrically neutral because the number of neutrons always equals the number of protons.
False
The third electron shell can hold a maximum of twenty electrons.
False
There is only one stable arrangement of electrons in an atom.
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Hydrogen has one electron that fills its first shell.
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The mass number of an atom is calculated using the total number of protons and electrons.
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Helium has two electrons and occupies the second shell completely.
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The first electron shell has the capability to hold up to four electrons.
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The term 'L shell' refers to the second shell of an atom that can hold up to eight electrons.
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Study Notes
Structure of an Atom
- Atoms are extremely small; 100 million atoms measure about 1 cm.
- An atom consists of a dense nucleus surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons.
- The nucleus contains protons (positively charged) and neutrons (electrically neutral).
- Atoms are electrically neutral with equal numbers of protons and electrons.
- The mass number of an atom is calculated as the sum of protons and neutrons.
Arrangement of Electrons
- Theoretical models by Bohr and Rutherford describe electron arrangement in layers around the nucleus.
- The first shell can hold two electrons.
- The second shell (L shell) can accommodate up to eight electrons.
- The third shell (M shell) can hold up to eighteen electrons.
- Electrons fill the shells in a way that maximizes stability, starting from the first shell.
Electron Arrangement in Early Elements
- Hydrogen (H): Atomic number 1; contains 1 electron in the first shell.
- Helium (He): Atomic number 2; contains 2 electrons in the first shell.
- Lithium (Li): Atomic number 3; contains 2 electrons in the first shell and 1 in the second shell.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the structure of an atom, including its components like protons, neutrons, and electrons. This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of atomic structure and the size of atoms. Challenge yourself and see how much you know about the building blocks of matter!
