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Questions and Answers
What is responsible for the basophilia of cartilage matrix?
What is responsible for the basophilia of cartilage matrix?
What is the primary component of tendon?
What is the primary component of tendon?
What type of collagen is laid down by a tendon following injury?
What type of collagen is laid down by a tendon following injury?
What is the function of proteoglycans in cartilage?
What is the function of proteoglycans in cartilage?
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What type of cartilage has elastic fibers and is flexible?
What type of cartilage has elastic fibers and is flexible?
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What is the characteristic of fibrocartilage?
What is the characteristic of fibrocartilage?
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What is the role of chondrocytes in cartilage?
What is the role of chondrocytes in cartilage?
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What is the function of the inner layer of cartilage?
What is the function of the inner layer of cartilage?
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What is the primary function of perichondrium in mature cartilage?
What is the primary function of perichondrium in mature cartilage?
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What is the main characteristic of elastic cartilage?
What is the main characteristic of elastic cartilage?
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What is the composition of the matrix in cartilage?
What is the composition of the matrix in cartilage?
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What is the role of chondrocytes in cartilage?
What is the role of chondrocytes in cartilage?
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What is the characteristic of fibrocartilage?
What is the characteristic of fibrocartilage?
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What is the function of chondroblasts in cartilage development?
What is the function of chondroblasts in cartilage development?
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What is the location of hyaline cartilage?
What is the location of hyaline cartilage?
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What is the role of fibrocytes in cartilage?
What is the role of fibrocytes in cartilage?
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What is the main function of cartilage in the body?
What is the main function of cartilage in the body?
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What are the three types of cartilage?
What are the three types of cartilage?
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What is the function of the perichondrium?
What is the function of the perichondrium?
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What is the composition of the cartilage matrix?
What is the composition of the cartilage matrix?
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What is the main characteristic of fibrocartilage?
What is the main characteristic of fibrocartilage?
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What is the role of chondrocytes in cartilage?
What is the role of chondrocytes in cartilage?
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What is the origin of the skeletal system?
What is the origin of the skeletal system?
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What type of fibers are abundant in elastic cartilage?
What type of fibers are abundant in elastic cartilage?
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What type of cells are present in fibrocartilage?
What type of cells are present in fibrocartilage?
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What is the main function of perichondrium?
What is the main function of perichondrium?
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What is a characteristic of fibrocartilage?
What is a characteristic of fibrocartilage?
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In which location can elastic cartilage be found?
In which location can elastic cartilage be found?
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What is the difference between chondrocytes and fibrocytes?
What is the difference between chondrocytes and fibrocytes?
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What is the composition of the cartilage matrix in elastic cartilage?
What is the composition of the cartilage matrix in elastic cartilage?
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What is a characteristic of the perichondrium?
What is a characteristic of the perichondrium?
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Which type of cartilage is characterized by the presence of elastic fibers, allowing it to stretch and flex?
Which type of cartilage is characterized by the presence of elastic fibers, allowing it to stretch and flex?
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What is the main function of chondrocytes in cartilage?
What is the main function of chondrocytes in cartilage?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of fibrocartilage?
Which of the following is a characteristic of fibrocartilage?
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What is the function of the perichondrium?
What is the function of the perichondrium?
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What is the main component of the cartilage matrix?
What is the main component of the cartilage matrix?
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What is the function of Type A synoviocytes?
What is the function of Type A synoviocytes?
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What is the function of the synovial membrane?
What is the function of the synovial membrane?
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What is the characteristic of articular cartilage that allows it to withstand mechanical stress?
What is the characteristic of articular cartilage that allows it to withstand mechanical stress?
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Study Notes
Cartilage Structure and Function
- Cartilage is a type of connective tissue characterized by the absence of blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves in adults (although young animals have blood vessels in growing cartilage)
- Supports soft tissues (e.g., ear, eyelid, trachea, and bronchi) and is essential for longitudinal bone growth through endochondral ossification
- Composed of chondrocytes embedded in an amorphous gel-like substance and connective tissue fibers, making it resilient
Chondrogenesis
- Embryonic mesenchyme gives rise to chondroblasts, which produce cartilage matrix
- Chondroblasts differentiate into chondrocytes, which are embedded in lacunae within the cartilage matrix
- Cartilage growth occurs through the multiplication of chondrocytes and the production of cartilage matrix
Types of Cartilage
- Hyaline cartilage: most common type, found in joints, growth plates, and respiratory tree
- Locations: joints, growth plates, ribs, physes, nose, larynx, tracheal rings, and bronchi
- Elastic cartilage: found in the epiglottis, corniculate and cuneiform processes of the arytenoid cartilage, external auditory canal, and ear pinna
- Fibrocartilage: found in intervertebral discs, menisci, insertions of tendons and ligaments, mandibular symphysis, and pubic symphysis
- Lacks perichondrium, thus does not have regenerative capacity
Cartilage Matrix
- Composed of collagen, elastic fibers, and proteoglycans (GAGs)
- GAGs are responsible for the basophilia of cartilage matrix
- Matrix near chondrocytes (territorial) is more basophilic due to the greater amount of GAGs
Tendons and Ligaments
- Tendons: connect muscles to bones, composed of parallel bundles of type I collagen fibers, 1-5% proteoglycans, and 2% elastin
- Ligaments: connect bones to bones, provide stability to joints
Joints
- Composed of articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and synovial fluid
- Articular cartilage: smooth surface, formed by type II collagen and proteoglycans, lacks blood vessels and nerves
- Synovial membrane: thin membrane with many villi, lined by specialized cells (synoviocytes - type A and type B)
- Synovial fluid: clear, viscous, colorless or slightly yellow fluid produced by synoviocytes, functions as a lubricant, protectant, and nutrient to joints
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Description
This quiz covers the characteristics of cartilage, including its composition, functions, and properties. It also explores the perichondrium and its role in cartilage development.
