Structure and Function of Arteries
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Questions and Answers

What prevents blood from flowing back from the ventricles into the atria?

  • Semilunar valves
  • Pulmonary artery
  • Atrioventricular valves (correct)
  • Pulmonary vein
  • Why are mammals described as having a 'double circulatory system'?

  • Blood flows from the lungs to the body directly
  • Blood flows from the arteries to the ventricles
  • Blood flows through the heart only once in each circulation
  • Blood flows through the heart twice in each circulation (correct)
  • Which vessel carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs for oxygenation?

  • Pulmonary artery (correct)
  • Pulmonary vein
  • Vena cava
  • Aorta
  • During which stage of the cardiac cycle do the atria contract and blood flows out of them into the ventricles?

    <p>Atrial systole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of semilunar valves in the heart?

    <p>Prevent backflow of blood from arteries into ventricles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vessel is responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart?

    <p>Pulmonary vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood away from the heart?

    <p>Arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of valves in blood vessels?

    <p>Preventing backflow of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the lumen of arteries relatively small?

    <p>To withstand high pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of blood vessel has walls that are one cell thick?

    <p>Capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between arteries and veins in terms of pressure?

    <p>Veins have low pressure, arteries have high pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are capillaries highly branched with a large surface area?

    <p>To supply cells with substances quickly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial event that triggers the formation of blood clots?

    <p>Platelets changing shape and clumping together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor causes prothrombin to change to thrombin in the blood clotting process?

    <p>Clotting factors like thromboplastin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can a build-up of fibrous plaque in an artery lead to?

    <p>Narrowing of the artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of blood clots in the body?

    <p>To minimize blood loss from damaged vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is caused by blood clots forming inside blood vessels?

    <p>Thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What change do platelets undergo when they come into contact with a damaged blood vessel wall?

    <p>They change shape and clump together</p> Signup and view all the answers

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