Structural Organisation in Plants and Animals
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Questions and Answers

What was the focus of naturalists' descriptions before experimental biology was established?

  • Gross structural features of living organisms (correct)
  • Observable living phenomena
  • Physiological processes of organisms
  • Internal structural features of organisms
  • Why did detailed descriptions of life forms become meaningful in later biology?

  • To study the physiological processes of plants and animals
  • To emphasize observable living phenomena
  • To focus on the description of life forms only
  • To frame research questions in physiology and evolutionary biology (correct)
  • What was the main role of naturalists in the early days of biology?

  • Studying physiological processes of organisms
  • Focusing on microscopic observations
  • Describing the diverse forms of life on earth (correct)
  • Conducting experiments on living organisms
  • Which branch of biology focuses more on living processes rather than the structural description of life forms?

    <p>Physiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the naturalists mainly observe through naked eyes or magnifying lenses?

    <p>Gross structural features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which field did biology remain as for a long time before experimental biology was established?

    <p>Natural history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What holds the blade to light in a leaf?

    <p>Petiole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the swollen part of the leaf base in some leguminous plants called?

    <p>Pulvinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a leaf provides rigidity to the leaf blade?

    <p>Midrib</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of venation is characteristic of most monocotyledons?

    <p>Parallel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the green expanded part of a leaf called?

    <p>Lamina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the lateral small leaf-like structures that may be present on a leaf?

    <p>Stipules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for flowers where the gynoecium is situated in the centre and other parts of the flower are located on the rim of the thalamus almost at the same level?

    <p>Perigynous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the ovary in hypogynous flowers?

    <p>Superior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of sepals in a flower?

    <p>Protect the flower in the bud stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of flowers does the margin of thalamus grow upward enclosing the ovary completely and getting fused with it?

    <p>Epigynous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which floral whorl is composed of petals that are usually brightly colored to attract insects for pollination?

    <p>Corolla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for petals united together in a flower?

    <p>Gamopetalous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is aestivation?

    <p>The arrangement of sepals or petals in a floral bud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of aestivation do the margins of sepals or petals overlap one another but not in any particular direction?

    <p>Imbricate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for a sterile stamen?

    <p>Staminode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which flower exhibits vexillary or papilionaceous aestivation?

    <p>Pea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does each anther contain within its lobes?

    <p>Pollen-sacs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of aestivation is characterized by sepals or petals just touching at the margin without overlapping?

    <p>Valvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used for stamens that are attached to the petals in a flower?

    <p>Epipetalous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which plant are the stamens united into two bundles?

    <p>Pea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The female reproductive part of a flower is called ___.

    <p>Carpel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What connects the ovary to the stigma in a flower?

    <p>Style</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the arrangement of ovules within the ovary of a flower?

    <p>Placentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When carpels are fused in a flower, what term is used to describe them?

    <p>Syncarpous</p> Signup and view all the answers

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