Structural Classification of Joints Flashcards

Study Notes

Synovial Joints

Synovial Plane Joints: Allow gliding movements.
- Intercarpal joint: Located between carpal bones at the wrist.
- Intertarsal joint: Found between tarsal bones at the ankle.
- Sternoclavicular joint: Connects the manubrium of the sternum with the clavicle.
- Acromioclavicular joint: Joins the acromion of the scapula and the clavicle.
- Sternocostal joint: Links the sternum with the costal cartilages of the second to seventh ribs.
- Vertebrocostal joints: Formed between rib heads/tubercles and thoracic vertebrae.
Synovial Modified Hinge Joint: Allows flexion and extension with slight rotational movement.
- Knee joint: Complex joint allowing for both bending and a degree of rotation.
Synovial Hinge Joints: Permit movement in one plane (flexion and extension).
- Elbow joint: Classic hinge joint connecting the humerus with the radius and ulna.
- Ankle joint: Allows for dorsiflexion and plantarflexion movements.
- Interphalangeal joints: Joints between finger and toe phalanges.
Synovial Pivot Joints: Permit rotational movement around a single axis.
- Atlanto-axial joint: Allows head rotation, essential for "no" movement.
- Radioulnar joint: Enables rotation from palm facing down (pronation) to up (supination).
Synovial Condyloid Joints: Allow movement but restrict rotation.
- Radiocarpal joint: Connects the radius and carpal bones allowing wrist movements.
- Metacarpophalangeal joints II-V: Joints between metacarpals and proximal phalanges.
Synovial Saddle Joint: Allows for movement in two planes.
- Carpometacarpal joint: Between the trapezium bone and metacarpal I, critical for thumb mobility.
Synovial Ball-and-Socket Joints: Enable a wide range of motion including rotational.
- Shoulder joint: Humeral head fits into the glenoid cavity of the scapula.
- Hip joint: Femoral head fits into the acetabulum of the pelvis, supporting weight and facilitating a range of movements.

Fibrous Joints

Fibrous Sutures: Immovable joints united by connective tissue.
- Coronal suture: The fibrous joint between the frontal and parietal bones of the skull.
Fibrous Syndesmosis: Slightly movable joints where bones are connected by ligaments.
- Distal tibiofibular joint: Connects the tibia and fibula near the ankle, allowing limited movement.
Fibrous Interosseous Membrane: A type of syndesmosis.
- Found between the tibia and fibula, providing stability and support.

Cartilaginous Joints

Cartilaginous Synchondrosis: Joints where bones are joined by hyaline cartilage.
- Epiphyseal plate: Found between the diaphysis and epiphysis of long bones, crucial for growth during development.
Cartilaginous Symphysis: Joints where fibrocartilage is present.
- Pubic symphysis: Located between the pubic bones, allows slight movement.
- Intervertebral joints: Connect the vertebrae with fibrocartilage, aiding shock absorption and flexibility.

Description

Explore the structural subtypes of joints with flashcards focusing on synovial plane joints. Learn about various examples including the intercarpal, intertarsal, and sternoclavicular joints. These flashcards are great for quick study and review.