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Questions and Answers
What are the three phases of the stretch shortening cycle?
What are the three phases of the stretch shortening cycle?
Which component of the neurophysiological model is responsible for reflex potential in muscles?
Which component of the neurophysiological model is responsible for reflex potential in muscles?
What does too much or no overlap of actin/myosin lead to in terms of force production?
What does too much or no overlap of actin/myosin lead to in terms of force production?
Which principle states that exercise should be tailored to the activities a person does?
Which principle states that exercise should be tailored to the activities a person does?
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What does the Overload Principle manipulate to induce adaptations in the body?
What does the Overload Principle manipulate to induce adaptations in the body?
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Which factor influences the principle of Individuality in tailoring workouts for individuals?
Which factor influences the principle of Individuality in tailoring workouts for individuals?
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What does the Principle of Diminishing Returns suggest?
What does the Principle of Diminishing Returns suggest?
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Which term refers to the situation where fibers are stimulated while a previous twitch is still occurring, resulting in a stronger response?
Which term refers to the situation where fibers are stimulated while a previous twitch is still occurring, resulting in a stronger response?
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What is the primary reason for the majority of strength gains seen early in a new exercise program?
What is the primary reason for the majority of strength gains seen early in a new exercise program?
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What is the purpose of Periodization in training?
What is the purpose of Periodization in training?
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Which factor is NOT included in the FITT-VP principle?
Which factor is NOT included in the FITT-VP principle?
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What happens during Tetanus?
What happens during Tetanus?
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Study Notes
Stretch Shortening Cycle
- The stretch shortening cycle consists of three phases: pre-stretch/load, amortization/transition, and shortening/action/concentric
- The cycle aids in increasing power through the mechanical model, which includes the series elastic component (stored elastic energy), parallel elastic component (provides stiffness), and contractile component
- The neurophysiological model involves the muscle spindle-reflex potential
Length Tension Relationship
- Optimal actin/myosin overlap results in optimal force production, which is characterized by heightened myosin/actin interaction
- Too much or no overlap leads to limited or no force production
Skeletal Muscle Adaptations
- The General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is the body's stress response to exercise-induced adaptations, involving resistance, fatigue, and recovery
- The Overload Principle involves manipulating variables such as mode, frequency, intensity, volume, and others to create a new stimulus for the body to adapt
Principles of Exercise Adaptation
- The Principle of Specificity states that exercise should be tailored to the specific activity or task to optimize adaptations
- The Principle of Individuality recognizes that individual traits, such as genetic makeup, sex, and metabolism, affect training adaptations
- The Principle of Diminishing Returns suggests that highly trained individuals may experience decreased gains in adaptations
- The Principle of Variability proposes that varying exercise selection allows for continued adaptations
- The Principle of Reversibility states that ceasing training results in the loss of gains
Periodization
- Periodization is a systematic approach to organizing training into specific cycles, each targeting a specific physiological adaptation
FITT-VP
- FITT-VP stands for Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type, Variation, and Progression
Neural Adaptations
- The majority of strength gains seen early in a new exercise program are due to neural adaptations
- The time parameter for neural adaptations is usually the first 8 weeks of a program
- Motor Unit Recruitment involves the recruitment of higher threshold motor units through training
- Motor Unit Firing (Twitch Rate/Increased Rate Coding) involves the consistent increase in firing rate of nerve-muscle interactions through resistance training
- Morphological Changes in the NMJ involve the growth of terminal ends of motor neurons, increased nerve terminal branching, and increased receptors on the motor end plate
- Inhibition of Antagonist & Increased Action of Synergists involves the increased inhibition of antagonists and action of synergists through training
Twitch, Summation, and Tetanus
- Twitch refers to a single, isolated contraction, consisting of latent, contraction, and relaxation phases
- Summation occurs when fibers are stimulated while a previous twitch is still occurring, resulting in a stronger response
- Tetanus refers to the maximum tension reached, which can be complete or incomplete depending on the frequency of impulses
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Description
This quiz covers the phases of the stretch shortening cycle - pre-stretch/load, amortization/transition, and shortening/concentric phases, along with the contributing components including the mechanical model (series elastic component, parallel elastic component, and contractile component) and the neurophysiological model (muscle spindle-reflex potential). Learn how these components aid in increasing power and understand concepts like length-tension relationship and optimal actin/myosin overlap for optimal force production.
