Stress and the Brain: Neuroendocrinologists' Research
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Questions and Answers

What is the main effect of high levels of cortisol on the hippocampus?

  • Prevention of short-term memory loss
  • Promotion of neurogenesis
  • Damage to the hippocampal structure (correct)
  • Enhancement of contextual memory

    • What is the role of the hippocampus in the brain?

  • Verbal and contextual memory storage (correct)
  • Processing visual information
  • Regulation of stress hormones
  • Control of motor functions

    • What happens to the hippocampal neurogenesis with continued exposure to chronic stress?

  • It promotes apoptosis
  • It is suppressed (correct)
  • It is enhanced
  • It is unaffected

    • How does excessive cortisol affect memory?

    <p>Causes difficulties in accessing existing memories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the possible consequence of sustained stress on the hippocampus?

    <p>Suppression of neurogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the hippocampus sensitive to the effects of glucocorticoids?

    <p>It plays a role in verbal and contextual memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a manifestation of stress on the nervous system?

    <p>Heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common manifestation of stress on the musculoskeletal system?

    <p>Tension headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system can be affected by stress resulting in symptoms like eczema and poor wound healing?

    <p>Integumentary System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential impact of stress on the immune system?

    <p>Autoimmune diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is not associated with the endocrine system's response to stress?

    <p>Inflammatory disease of connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a cardiovascular manifestation of stress?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is not an emotional symptom that people under stress may experience?

    <p>Impotence and amenorrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential gastrointestinal manifestation of stress?

    <p>Heartburn / GERD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What integumentary system condition may result from stress?

    <p>Psoriasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is not associated with the impact of stress on the respiratory system?

    <p>Addiction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential impact of stress on the genitourinary system?

    <p>Renal failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which emotional symptom may be manifested in individuals under stress?

    <p>Trouble thinking clearly or memory problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of sustained stress on the hippocampus?

    <p>Suppression of neurogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does excessive cortisol affect memory?

    <p>Prevents the brain from laying down pathways for new memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential impact of stress on the immune system?

    <p>Impaired immune function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential manifestation of stress on the respiratory system?

    <p>Exacerbated asthma symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which emotional symptom may be manifested in individuals under stress?

    <p>Increased irritability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common manifestation of stress on the musculoskeletal system?

    <p>Muscle stiffness and pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a neuropsychological manifestation of stress?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential impact of stress on the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a gastrointestinal manifestation of stress?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential musculoskeletal system symptom of stress?

    <p>Inflammatory disease of connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which integumentary system condition may result from stress?

    <p>Psoriasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential impact of stress on the endocrine system?

    <p>Diabetes mellitus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which emotional symptom may be manifested in individuals under stress?

    <p>Irritability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential impact of stress on the immune system?

    <p>Immunosuppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which potential genitourinary system symptom may result from stress?

    <p>Irritable bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential respiratory manifestation of stress?

    <p>Hypersensitivity reactions (i.e. asthma)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential gastrointestinal manifestation of stress?

    <p>Heartburn / GERD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of sustained stress on the hippocampus?

    <p>Inability to concentrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cortisol's Effects on the Hippocampus

    • High levels of cortisol can negatively impact the hippocampus, leading to decreased neurogenesis and impaired memory.
    • The hippocampus plays a crucial role in the brain, responsible for forming and consolidating new memories.

    Stress and the Nervous System

    • Chronic stress can lead to decreased hippocampal neurogenesis, impaired memory, and reduced hippocampal volume.
    • The hippocampus is sensitive to glucocorticoids, making it vulnerable to the negative effects of chronic stress.

    Physiological Effects of Stress

    • Stress can affect the musculoskeletal system, causing muscle tension, pain, and stiffness.
    • The immune system can be impacted, leading to suppressed immune function and increased inflammation.
    • Stress can also affect the integumentary system, leading to conditions like eczema and poor wound healing.
    • Cardiovascular manifestations of stress include hypertension, tachycardia, and cardiovascular disease.
    • Stress can affect the gastrointestinal system, leading to digestive issues, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
    • The genitourinary system can be impacted, leading to sexual dysfunction, decreased fertility, and menstrual irregularities.
    • Stress can also impact the respiratory system, leading to rapid breathing, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

    Emotional and Psychological Effects of Stress

    • Emotional symptoms of stress include anxiety, depression, and mood swings.
    • Stress can lead to neuropsychological manifestations such as decreased concentration, memory impairments, and decreased cognitive function.

    Consequences of Chronic Stress

    • Sustained stress can lead to long-term negative impacts on the hippocampus, including decreased volume and impaired function.
    • Chronic stress can also lead to impaired memory, mood disorders, and decreased overall well-being.

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    Related Documents

    Stress and the Brain.docx

    Description

    Explore the impact of stress on the brain and the relationship between cortisol levels and hippocampal dysfunction as studied by Dr McEwen and Dr Sapolsky. Understand how sustained stress can damage the hippocampus, affecting verbal and contextual memory.

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