Streptococcus Infections

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following bacteria is commonly associated with neonatal sepsis and meningitis?

Streptococcus bovis

Bacillus anthracis

Clostridium botulinum

Streptococcus agalactiae (correct)

What is the characteristic of the capsule of Bacillus anthracis?

Made of amino acid (correct)

Made of lipid

Made of D-glutamic acid

Made of polysaccharide

Which of the following bacteria is known to produce an exotoxin that causes food poisoning?

Bacillus cereus (correct)

Bacillus anthracis

Clostridium botulinum

Streptococcus agalactiae

What is the name of the disease caused by Bacillus anthracis?

Anthrax Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of Bacitracin?

Bacillus subtilis Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the colony appearance of Bacillus anthracis?

Medusa head Signup and view all the answers

What is the common mode of acquiring Ach in skeletal muscles?

Deep wound infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of acne?

Testosterone and sebum Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic symptom of Clostridium tetani infection?

Spastic paralysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment option for Gas Gangrene?

Amputation Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diarrhea is caused by ETEC?

Traveler's diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of Clostridium difficile infection?

Use of broad spectrum antibiotics Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary toxin produced by Shigella dysenteriae?

Shiga toxin Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic arrangement of Corynebacterium diphtheriae cells?

V-shaped or palisades Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria is highly motile and causes alkaline urine?

Proteus mirabilis Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique feature of Listeria monocytogenes motility?

It has tumbling end-over-end motility at 22°C Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of typhoid fever?

S.typhi Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cause of nosocomial infections?

Proteus mirabilis Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the stools in cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae Exotoxin?

Watery diarrhea: “rice watery” stools Signup and view all the answers

What is the morphology of Helicobacter pylori?

Spiral shaped Signup and view all the answers

What is the enzyme produced in large amounts by Helicobacter pylori?

Urease Signup and view all the answers

What is the growth requirement of Haemophilus influenzae?

Requires X and Y growth factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the laboratory diagnosis of Haemophilus influenzae?

Chocolate agar Signup and view all the answers

What is the causative agent of chancroid?

Haemophilus ducreyi Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Being rod-shaped and aerobic Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the medium used to grow Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Lowenstein-Jensen medium Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary host niche for Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Macrophages Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of pulmonary tuberculosis?

Afternoon fever Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the virulence factor associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Cord factor Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the fluorescent test used to diagnose syphilis?

Fluorescent Treponema test Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the bacterium that causes tuberculosis?

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of congenital syphilis?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Through air droplets Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Pulmonary tuberculosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of transmission of Treponema pallidum?

Through sexual contact Signup and view all the answers

What is the vector responsible for the transmission of Orientia tsutsugamushi?

Mite Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of acquiring Leptospira interrogans?

Through contaminated food and water Signup and view all the answers

What is the vector responsible for the transmission of Rickettsia akari?

Mite Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic symptom of Borrelia burgdorferi infection?

Erythema chronicum migrans Signup and view all the answers

Which bacterium is responsible for causing tularemia, also known as rabbit fever?

Francisella tularensis Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the elementary bodies of Chlamydia?

They are infective forms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria is associated with causing Legionnaire’s disease and Pontiac fever?

Legionella pneumophila Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Brucellosis, also known as Malta fever or undulant fever?

It is caused by Brucella bacterium Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria is a strict aerobe and has a (+) capsule in virulent strains?

Bordetella pertussis Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the ulcers caused by Brucella in the genital area?

Painful and soft Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the bacterium that causes chancroid?

Haemophilus ducreyi Signup and view all the answers

What is the morphology of Helicobacter pylori?

Spiral shaped, highly motile, and microaerophilic Signup and view all the answers

What is the growth requirement of Haemophilus influenzae?

Growth factors (X, Y) and chocolate agar Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the stools in cholera caused by Vibrio cholerae Exotoxin?

Rice watery stools Signup and view all the answers

What is the causative agent of scarletina?

Streptococcus pyogenes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria can cause pharyngitis and acute rheumatic fever?

Streptococcus pyogenes Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal flora of the female genital tract that can cause neonatal sepsis and meningitis?

Streptococcus agalactiae Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria produces an exotoxin that causes food poisoning?

Bacillus cereus Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of Bacitracin?

Bacillus subtilis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature of congenital syphilis?

Keratoconjunctivitis, perforated palate, and saddle nose Signup and view all the answers

What is the medium used to grow Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Lowenstein-Jensten medium Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary virulence factor associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Cord factor Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

Airborne transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the fluorescent test used to diagnose syphilis?

Fluorescent Treponema test Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic symptom of Clostridium tetani infection?

Spastic paralysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment option for Gas Gangrene?

Amputation Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic arrangement of Corynebacterium diphtheriae cells?

V-shaped or palisades Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique feature of Listeria monocytogenes motility?

Tumbling end-over-end motility at 22°C Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of Clostridium difficile infection?

Normal flora of the colon Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus that occurs in young women?

Toxic Shock Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the bacterium that is a normal flora of the oral cavity?

Streptococcus viridans Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus that is characterized by perioral erythema with sunburn-like rash?

Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the most virulent and important human pathogen?

Streptococcus pyogenes Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus that is characterized by small, flattened, red patches on the face and limbs?

Impetigo Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease caused by Streptococcus mutans?

Dental Caries Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus that is characterized by fever, hypotension, and erythema?

Toxic Shock Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the bacterium that causes food poisoning through the ingestion of enterotoxin?

Staphylococcus aureus Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus that is characterized by an acute onset of symptoms, including salivation, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps?

Staphylococcal Food Poisoning Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the bacterium that causes sty, boil, cellulitis, impetigo, and osteomyelitis?

Staphylococcus aureus Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Bacteria

Streptococcus:
- Streptococcus agalactiae: normal flora of female genitalia, causes neonatal sepsis/meningitis
- Streptococcus bovis: normal flora of the colon, common organism isolated among patients with colon cancer
- Streptococcus pyogenes: most virulent, important human pathogen, causes Scarlet Fever, impetigo, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, and acute rheumatic fever
Bacillus:
- Bacillus anthracis: causes anthrax, has an amino acid capsule, normal flora of sheep, goat, and cattle
- Bacillus cereus: non-encapsulated, motile, produces exotoxin, causes food poisoning (emetic/diarrheal)
- Bacillus subtilis: causes UTI, source of Bacitracin (wound of Margaret Tracey)
Clostridium:
- Clostridium botulinum: normal flora of animals, causes botulism, acquired through deep wound infection, consumption of vacuum packed or canned foods, and honey by infants
- Clostridium tetani: normal flora of horses and dogs, causes tetanus, characterized by spastic paralysis
- Clostridium perfringens: causes gas gangrene, characterized by myonecrosis and liberation of foul smelling gas
- Clostridium difficile: normal flora of colon, causes pseudomembranous colitis, associated with use of broad spectrum antibiotics
Corynebacterium:
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae: causes diphtheria, characterized by V-shaped or palisades "Chinese lettering"
Listeria:
- Listeria monocytogenes: has tumbling end-over-end motility at 22°C but not at 37°C, produces hemolysin, only G(+) with endotoxin
Enterococcus:
- Enterococcus (faecalis, faecium, durans): causes liver, intestinal abscess, and UTI
Staphylococcus:
- Staphylococcus aureus: causes folliculitis, impetigo, toxic shock syndrome, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, staphylococcal food poisoning, and septicemia

Other Bacteria

Haemophilus:
- Haemophilus influenzae: causes meningitis, epiglottitis, septic arthritis, and sepsis
- Haemophilus aegyptius: causes conjunctivitis
- Haemophilus ducreyi: causes chancroid (soft chancre)
Vibrio:
- Vibrio cholerae: causes cholera, characterized by watery diarrhea ("rice watery" stools)
Mycobacterium:
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis: causes tuberculosis, characterized by afternoon fatigue, fever, loss of appetite and weight, cough, and hemoptysis
Rickettsia:
- Rickettsia prowazekii: causes epidemic typhus
- Rickettsia rickettsii: causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever
- Rickettsia akari: causes rickettsial pox
Treponema:
- Treponema pallidum: causes syphilis
Borrelia:
- Borrelia burgdorferi: causes Lyme's disease
- Borrelia recurrentis: causes relapsing fever
Legionella:
- Legionella pneumophila: causes Legionnaire's disease and Pontiac fever
Neisseria:
- Neisseria meningitides: causes meningitis and meningococcemia
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae: causes gonorrhea and PID
- Neisseria gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum: causes ophthalmia neonatorum

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Description

This quiz covers various types of Streptococcus infections, including Scarletina, erysipelas, and Impetigo, as well as their symptoms and complications. It also touches on the bacteria's normal flora and its effects on the body.