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Stored Procedures
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Stored Procedures

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What are stored procedures?

  • Temporary SQL code for one-time use
  • SQL code for data retrieval only
  • SQL code for data deletion only
  • Prepared SQL code that can be saved for reuse (correct)

    • What is the primary benefit of using stored procedures?

  • Improved reusability and modularity of SQL code (correct)
  • Simplified data modeling and schema design
  • Enhanced security for database transactions
  • Faster execution of ad-hoc SQL queries

    • In what way do stored procedures contribute to database performance?

  • By reducing network traffic and improving query execution plans (correct)
  • By automatically indexing all database tables
  • By enforcing strict data normalization rules
  • By increasing data redundancy and optimizing storage

    • What is the syntax for creating procedures in PL/SQL?

    <p>CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE procedure_name IS ...</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the IS keyword in PL/SQL procedure creation?

    <p>To indicate the start of the procedure body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the syntax for declaring a parameter in a PL/SQL procedure?

    <p>param_name, param_type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between a procedure and a function in PL/SQL?

    <p>A function must return a value, while a procedure may or may not return a value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about PL/SQL functions?

    <p>They can be used in SQL queries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of PL/SQL procedures?

    <p>They can modify database data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can procedures be called in PL/SQL?

    <p>Both PL/SQL block and command-line SQL*Plus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you call a procedure in a PL/SQL block?

    <p>By using the procedure name followed by parentheses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct syntax for invoking a PL/SQL procedure outside a block in SQL*Plus?

    <p>EXECUTE procedure_name;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of parameters can be used in PL/SQL procedures?

    <p>IN, OUT, and IN OUT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of IN parameters in PL/SQL procedures?

    <p>Passing values into the procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the syntax for procedures with IN parameters in PL/SQL?

    <p>PROCEDURE procedure_name (parameter_name IN data_type)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using IN parameters in PL/SQL procedures?

    <p>To pass values into the procedure from the calling environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the default mode for a parameter if not provided in PL/SQL?

    <p>IN</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When declaring a parameter in PL/SQL, what can you not provide?

    <p>Precision of the type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a function in PL/SQL?

    <p>A subprogram that can be called and additionally must return a value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct syntax for invoking a PL/SQL function?

    <p>function (name) RETURN (datatype) IS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must the variable receiving data from a function have in terms of data type and precision?

    <p>Same data type and the same or more precision</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can a function be called in PL/SQL?

    <p>Inside a query,As a part of a command-line script,As a part of a PL/SQL block</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct syntax for declaring a function in PL/SQL with an IN parameter?

    <p>FUNCTION function_name (input_parameter_name IN data_type) RETURN return_type IS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using an IN parameter in a PL/SQL function?

    <p>To pass values into the function from the calling environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the provided SQL code do?

    <p>Creates a function to count the number of columns for each table_name in user_tables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is a function called in this exa,ple

    <p>By using the SELECT statement followed by the function name</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the provided SQL code do?

    <p>It creates a function to count the number of columns in a specified table</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the OUT parameter mode in PL/SQL procedures?

    <p>To return values from the procedure to the calling environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the IN OUT parameter mode in PL/SQL procedures?

    <p>To pass values into the procedure and return updated values to the calling environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can't the IN parameter be assigned any value in PL/SQL?

    <p>It is meant for passing values into the procedure, not for receiving values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if an attempt is made to assign a value to an IN parameter within a PL/SQL procedure?

    <p>It results in a compilation error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can an out parameter pass a value during a function call?

    <p>No</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can we pass a value to an IN parameter when calling a PL/SQL function? Choices

    <p>Oui</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can the IN/OUT parameter provide a target for assignment?

    <p>Oui</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can we pass a value to an OUT parameter when calling a PL/SQL function?

    <p>Non</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can we pass a value to an IN parameter when calling a PL/SQL function?

    <p>Oui</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Can the IN/OUT parameter provide a target for assignment? Choices

    <p>Oui</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of modular code?

    <p>To break up large blocks of code into smaller pieces for better manageability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the benefits of modular code?

    <p>Reusability, manageability, readability, and reliability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when you drop a stored procedure in PL/SQL?

    <p>The stored procedure is permanently removed from the database</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when you recreate a stored procedure in PL/SQL?

    <p>The existing stored procedure is replaced with the new definition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when you drop a function in PL/SQL?

    <p>The function is permanently removed from the database</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when you drop and recreate a stored function that relies on a procedure, a view, and members having access to that function in PL/SQL?

    <p>The function is dropped and recreated, causing the procedure, view, and members to become invalid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of dropping a stored function in PL/SQL?

    <p>The function is dropped, causing any dependent database objects to become invalid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when you create or replace a stored function that relies on a procedure, a view, and members having access to that function in PL/SQL?

    <p>The function is recompiled and any changes in the underlying objects are reflected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you compile a drop procedure in PL/SQL after a new procedure was created of the same name?

    <p>Use the 'COMPILE' statement followed by the procedure name to compile the new procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when you drop a function in PL/SQL?

    <p>The function becomes invalid but remains in the database until it is explicitly purged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'CREATE OR REPLACE' statement in PL/SQL?

    <p>To compile a new procedure with the same name as an existing one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which table provides information about the source code of the user-defined objects in PL/SQL?

    <p>user_source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which table contains information about the dependencies of user-defined objects in PL/SQL?

    <p>user_dependecies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which table stores information about the user-defined objects in the database in PL/SQL?

    <p>user_objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dictionary in PL/SQL contains information about the dependencies of user-defined objects?

    <p>user_dependencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dictionary in PL/SQL stores information about the user-defined objects themselves?

    <p>user_objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dictionary in PL/SQL stores information about the errors

    <p>user_errors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered when storing a function inside a select statement in SQL?

    <p>Checking if the function exists in the SQL engine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of a SQL statement, what is the time complexity of a PL/SQL function compared to a native SQL function of the same procedure?

    <p>Native SQL function is faster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a restriction on a function when called within a SQL query?

    <p>It cannot have out or in out parameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a restriction on a function when called within a SQL query?

    <p>No DML operations allowed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a restriction against constraints on a function?

    <p>Functions cannot enforce constraints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a restriction on a function in terms of Data Definition Language (DDL) operations?

    <p>No DDL operations allowed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Stored Procedures

    • A stored procedure is a reusable program that performs a specific task.
    • The primary benefit of using stored procedures is improved performance, as they reduce network traffic and minimize the amount of data that needs to be transferred.

    Creating Procedures in PL/SQL

    • The syntax for creating procedures in PL/SQL is CREATE PROCEDURE procedure_name (parameters) AS BEGIN ... END;
    • The IS keyword in PL/SQL procedure creation is used to specify the procedure body.

    Parameters in PL/SQL Procedures

    • Parameters in PL/SQL procedures can be IN, OUT, or IN OUT.
    • The syntax for declaring a parameter in a PL/SQL procedure is parameter_name [IN/OUT/IN OUT] datatype
    • The default mode for a parameter if not provided in PL/SQL is IN.

    Functions in PL/SQL

    • A function in PL/SQL is a reusable program that returns a value.
    • The correct syntax for invoking a PL/SQL function is FUNCTION function_name (parameters) RETURN datatype AS BEGIN ... END;
    • The variable receiving data from a function must have the same data type and precision.

    Modular Code

    • The primary purpose of modular code is to improve code reusability and maintainability.
    • The benefits of modular code include improved readability, easier debugging, and reduced code duplication.

    Managing Stored Procedures and Functions in PL/SQL

    • When a stored procedure is dropped, the privileges associated with it are also dropped.
    • When a function is dropped, the privileges associated with it are also dropped, and any dependent objects become invalid.
    • When a stored procedure or function is recreated, the privileges associated with it are restored.

    PL/SQL Dictionaries

    • The USER_SOURCE table provides information about the source code of user-defined objects in PL/SQL.
    • The USER_DEPENDENCIES table contains information about the dependencies of user-defined objects in PL/SQL.
    • The USER_OBJECTS table stores information about the user-defined objects in the database in PL/SQL.

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    Stored Procedures Quiz: Test your knowledge of prepared SQL code that can be saved for reuse. Explore the concepts of stored procedures, their benefits, and how they are used in database management. Challenge yourself with questions on creating, modifying, and executing stored procedures.

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