Stored Procedures

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Questions and Answers

What are stored procedures?

  • Temporary SQL code for one-time use
  • SQL code for data retrieval only
  • SQL code for data deletion only
  • Prepared SQL code that can be saved for reuse (correct)

What is the primary benefit of using stored procedures?

  • Improved reusability and modularity of SQL code (correct)
  • Simplified data modeling and schema design
  • Enhanced security for database transactions
  • Faster execution of ad-hoc SQL queries

In what way do stored procedures contribute to database performance?

  • By reducing network traffic and improving query execution plans (correct)
  • By automatically indexing all database tables
  • By enforcing strict data normalization rules
  • By increasing data redundancy and optimizing storage

What is the syntax for creating procedures in PL/SQL?

<p>CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE procedure_name IS ... (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the IS keyword in PL/SQL procedure creation?

<p>To indicate the start of the procedure body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the syntax for declaring a parameter in a PL/SQL procedure?

<p>param_name, param_type (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between a procedure and a function in PL/SQL?

<p>A function must return a value, while a procedure may or may not return a value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about PL/SQL functions?

<p>They can be used in SQL queries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of PL/SQL procedures?

<p>They can modify database data (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can procedures be called in PL/SQL?

<p>Both PL/SQL block and command-line SQL*Plus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you call a procedure in a PL/SQL block?

<p>By using the procedure name followed by parentheses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct syntax for invoking a PL/SQL procedure outside a block in SQL*Plus?

<p>EXECUTE procedure_name; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of parameters can be used in PL/SQL procedures?

<p>IN, OUT, and IN OUT (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of IN parameters in PL/SQL procedures?

<p>Passing values into the procedure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the syntax for procedures with IN parameters in PL/SQL?

<p>PROCEDURE procedure_name (parameter_name IN data_type) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using IN parameters in PL/SQL procedures?

<p>To pass values into the procedure from the calling environment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the default mode for a parameter if not provided in PL/SQL?

<p>IN (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When declaring a parameter in PL/SQL, what can you not provide?

<p>Precision of the type (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a function in PL/SQL?

<p>A subprogram that can be called and additionally must return a value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct syntax for invoking a PL/SQL function?

<p>function (name) RETURN (datatype) IS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must the variable receiving data from a function have in terms of data type and precision?

<p>Same data type and the same or more precision (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can a function be called in PL/SQL?

<p>Inside a query,As a part of a command-line script,As a part of a PL/SQL block (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct syntax for declaring a function in PL/SQL with an IN parameter?

<p>FUNCTION function_name (input_parameter_name IN data_type) RETURN return_type IS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using an IN parameter in a PL/SQL function?

<p>To pass values into the function from the calling environment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the provided SQL code do?

<p>Creates a function to count the number of columns for each table_name in user_tables (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a function called in this exa,ple

<p>By using the SELECT statement followed by the function name (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the provided SQL code do?

<p>It creates a function to count the number of columns in a specified table (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the OUT parameter mode in PL/SQL procedures?

<p>To return values from the procedure to the calling environment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the IN OUT parameter mode in PL/SQL procedures?

<p>To pass values into the procedure and return updated values to the calling environment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can't the IN parameter be assigned any value in PL/SQL?

<p>It is meant for passing values into the procedure, not for receiving values (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if an attempt is made to assign a value to an IN parameter within a PL/SQL procedure?

<p>It results in a compilation error (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can an out parameter pass a value during a function call?

<p>No (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can we pass a value to an IN parameter when calling a PL/SQL function? Choices

<p>Oui (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can the IN/OUT parameter provide a target for assignment?

<p>Oui (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can we pass a value to an OUT parameter when calling a PL/SQL function?

<p>Non (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can we pass a value to an IN parameter when calling a PL/SQL function?

<p>Oui (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can the IN/OUT parameter provide a target for assignment? Choices

<p>Oui (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of modular code?

<p>To break up large blocks of code into smaller pieces for better manageability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the benefits of modular code?

<p>Reusability, manageability, readability, and reliability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you drop a stored procedure in PL/SQL?

<p>The stored procedure is permanently removed from the database (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you recreate a stored procedure in PL/SQL?

<p>The existing stored procedure is replaced with the new definition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you drop a function in PL/SQL?

<p>The function is permanently removed from the database (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you drop and recreate a stored function that relies on a procedure, a view, and members having access to that function in PL/SQL?

<p>The function is dropped and recreated, causing the procedure, view, and members to become invalid (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of dropping a stored function in PL/SQL?

<p>The function is dropped, causing any dependent database objects to become invalid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you create or replace a stored function that relies on a procedure, a view, and members having access to that function in PL/SQL?

<p>The function is recompiled and any changes in the underlying objects are reflected (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can you compile a drop procedure in PL/SQL after a new procedure was created of the same name?

<p>Use the 'COMPILE' statement followed by the procedure name to compile the new procedure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you drop a function in PL/SQL?

<p>The function becomes invalid but remains in the database until it is explicitly purged (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 'CREATE OR REPLACE' statement in PL/SQL?

<p>To compile a new procedure with the same name as an existing one (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which table provides information about the source code of the user-defined objects in PL/SQL?

<p>user_source (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which table contains information about the dependencies of user-defined objects in PL/SQL?

<p>user_dependecies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which table stores information about the user-defined objects in the database in PL/SQL?

<p>user_objects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dictionary in PL/SQL contains information about the dependencies of user-defined objects?

<p>user_dependencies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dictionary in PL/SQL stores information about the user-defined objects themselves?

<p>user_objects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dictionary in PL/SQL stores information about the errors

<p>user_errors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered when storing a function inside a select statement in SQL?

<p>Checking if the function exists in the SQL engine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of a SQL statement, what is the time complexity of a PL/SQL function compared to a native SQL function of the same procedure?

<p>Native SQL function is faster (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a restriction on a function when called within a SQL query?

<p>It cannot have out or in out parameters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a restriction on a function when called within a SQL query?

<p>No DML operations allowed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a restriction against constraints on a function?

<p>Functions cannot enforce constraints (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a restriction on a function in terms of Data Definition Language (DDL) operations?

<p>No DDL operations allowed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Stored Procedures

  • A stored procedure is a reusable program that performs a specific task.
  • The primary benefit of using stored procedures is improved performance, as they reduce network traffic and minimize the amount of data that needs to be transferred.

Creating Procedures in PL/SQL

  • The syntax for creating procedures in PL/SQL is CREATE PROCEDURE procedure_name (parameters) AS BEGIN ... END;
  • The IS keyword in PL/SQL procedure creation is used to specify the procedure body.

Parameters in PL/SQL Procedures

  • Parameters in PL/SQL procedures can be IN, OUT, or IN OUT.
  • The syntax for declaring a parameter in a PL/SQL procedure is parameter_name [IN/OUT/IN OUT] datatype
  • The default mode for a parameter if not provided in PL/SQL is IN.

Functions in PL/SQL

  • A function in PL/SQL is a reusable program that returns a value.
  • The correct syntax for invoking a PL/SQL function is FUNCTION function_name (parameters) RETURN datatype AS BEGIN ... END;
  • The variable receiving data from a function must have the same data type and precision.

Modular Code

  • The primary purpose of modular code is to improve code reusability and maintainability.
  • The benefits of modular code include improved readability, easier debugging, and reduced code duplication.

Managing Stored Procedures and Functions in PL/SQL

  • When a stored procedure is dropped, the privileges associated with it are also dropped.
  • When a function is dropped, the privileges associated with it are also dropped, and any dependent objects become invalid.
  • When a stored procedure or function is recreated, the privileges associated with it are restored.

PL/SQL Dictionaries

  • The USER_SOURCE table provides information about the source code of user-defined objects in PL/SQL.
  • The USER_DEPENDENCIES table contains information about the dependencies of user-defined objects in PL/SQL.
  • The USER_OBJECTS table stores information about the user-defined objects in the database in PL/SQL.

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