Storage and Use of Explosives in Railways

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is one requirement for blasting operations performed by contractors?

They must have enough explosives on site.

They must inform inspectors of their operations.

They must possess a license to purchase, store, and use explosives. (correct)

They must have prior experience in the railway sector.

Who is responsible for prescribing the quantity and type of explosives for removal of boulders?

The contractors managing the blasting operations.

The local government authorities.

The Railway Administration. (correct)

The blasting mates on site.

What is the role of Blasting Mates during blasting operations?

They are responsible for purchasing explosives.

They manage the storage logistics of explosives.

They are authorized personnel who carry out blasting operations. (correct)

They ensure that safety codes are maintained on site.

What type of codes provide safety guidelines for blasting and drilling operations?

Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Codes. Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in the special instructions drawn up for major works?

Sketches illustrating the operations. Signup and view all the answers

In what form can blasting works be carried out?

Departmentally or by contract. Signup and view all the answers

What must be ensured if blasting work is done by contract?

Competent qualified staff are engaged. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mandatory requirement for explosives storage locations?

They must adhere to guidelines prescribed by the Railway Administration. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with paper or fibrous material used in packing explosives after its initial use?

Destroy it by burning in the presence of a responsible person Signup and view all the answers

At what angle should the line of shavings or dry grass be placed in relation to the wind direction during the destruction of explosives?

45 degrees Signup and view all the answers

How far should cartridges be placed from the weather end of the line of shavings during the destruction process?

6 metres Signup and view all the answers

What precaution must be taken regarding the day conditions when destroying explosives?

Do not conduct work on days when the wind is strong Signup and view all the answers

What should be placed adjacent to the safety fuse to ensure ignition of the shavings during the destruction of explosives?

Cotton waste soaked in petrol Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the purposes of blasting materials mentioned?

Excavation of foundations in rock Signup and view all the answers

Which item is NOT a type of blasting material listed?

Concrete Signup and view all the answers

What is an important requirement for Assistant Engineers regarding explosives?

To make a special mention in handing over notes Signup and view all the answers

What precaution must be taken before a blasting operation?

Issuing warnings and danger signals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is related to testing materials used for blasting?

Methods of boring and charging holes Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure is essential for the safety of track and structures during blasting?

Implementing protective measures Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement laid out for the custody and storage of explosives?

Regularly updating explosive inventories Signup and view all the answers

What type of explosives is mentioned in the context of widening rock cuttings?

Blasting agents Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in the progress reports submitted by engineers?

Periodical updates on blasting operations Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical factor in the handling of explosives?

Understanding specific usage instructions Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for ensuring compliance with the rules regarding the storage and use of explosives on works?

The Divisional/Dy.Chief Engineer Signup and view all the answers

What must a vehicle have if it is carrying explosives by road?

A necessary license issued for the purpose Signup and view all the answers

What distance should blasting operations normally be restricted to from a running railway line?

100 metres Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to protect tracks within 60 metres of rock to be blasted?

Covering with old sleepers Signup and view all the answers

Who has the authority to inspect all magazines holding explosives?

The Inspector of Explosives Signup and view all the answers

What is required before conducting blasting operations without block protection?

Protection to trains must be ensured Signup and view all the answers

How long before a train is expected to pass is blasting prohibited?

Half an hour Signup and view all the answers

What actions are staff expected to take during the inspections of explosives handling?

Assist willingly in inspections Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a responsibility of specific engineering roles?

Providing licenses for vehicles carrying explosives Signup and view all the answers

The general rule for possession of explosives involves the need for what?

A proper license Signup and view all the answers

What must be done if a misfire occurs during blasting operations?

Conduct a careful search for misfired charges within 2 metres of the misfired hole. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of the Official in-charge after a blast?

To examine the working face for any misfired charges. Signup and view all the answers

What distance must explosives be disposed of from buildings?

At least 800 metres. Signup and view all the answers

How much explosives can be destroyed at one time?

No more than 2.5 Kg. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a requirement for explosives disposal?

Leave explosives abandoned at the disposal site. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if adjacent charges may have been affected by a misfire?

Conduct thorough examinations and searches in the debris. Signup and view all the answers

What must be the width and thickness of the dry grass line for disposal?

450 mm wide and 100 mm thick. Signup and view all the answers

During the use of electrical methods for firing charges, what is a potential risk?

The potential for explosion from just one shot affecting adjacent charges. Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in the initial operation after a misfire occurs?

Ensure the area is searched for unexploded cartridges and detonators. Signup and view all the answers

What precaution should be taken when laying multiple explosive trains?

Keep sufficient distance to prevent one from igniting another. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with shavings before the destruction of explosives?

They should be sprinkled with kerosene oil. Signup and view all the answers

Which method is prescribed for rendering black powder harmless?

Dissolving it in hot water. Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum distance cartridges should be placed from the weather end of the line of shavings?

6 metres. Signup and view all the answers

What should be the angle of the line of materials used in packing explosives in relation to the wind direction?

45 degrees. Signup and view all the answers

What can be used to enhance the ignition of shavings during the destruction of explosives?

A small quantity of cotton waste soaked in petrol. Signup and view all the answers

What measures should be taken to ensure the safety of trains during blasting operations near a running railway line?

Blasting operations within 100 metres of a running line should be carried out under block protection. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following roles is primarily responsible for ensuring compliance with the storage and use of explosives?

Divisional/Dy.Chief Engineer Signup and view all the answers

What action is required when blasting occurs without block protection?

The Permanent Way Inspector must implement protections for trains. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to tracks within 60 metres of the blasting site?

Protect tracks by covering them with old sleepers which must be removed post-blasting. Signup and view all the answers

How should explosives be handled if transporting them by road?

The vehicle must possess a necessary license issued under Explosive Rules. Signup and view all the answers

What should be ensured before any blasting operation is initiated?

All staff handling explosives must understand and possess the required licenses. Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum time allowed before a train's arrival during which blasting operations should not take place?

Half an hour Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a misfire occurs during blasting operations?

Safety protocols require initiation of a specified response plan. Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum distance that persons, except those light the fuses, must maintain during blasting operations?

150 metres Signup and view all the answers

Which action must be taken if a charge supposedly misses fire?

Check the wiring and re-examine the hole Signup and view all the answers

What should be done after confirming that a misfire has occurred during blasting operations?

Inspect the working face for potential misfired charges Signup and view all the answers

What should be the angle of boreholes drilled to control the blast and reduce damage to structures?

Vary the angle Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to the work site following a blast?

Carefully inspect for unexploded cartridges Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum amount of explosives that can be disposed of at one time?

2.5 Kg Signup and view all the answers

What precaution should be exercised when using more than one blasting train?

Keep the second train at a safe distance from the first Signup and view all the answers

What precaution should an individual take regarding safety fuses and their ignition?

Ensure they are lighted in the presence of a supervisor Signup and view all the answers

What must be included in the area selected for disposing explosives?

A clear space free from dry grass Signup and view all the answers

What must be marked if a charge has reportedly missed fire?

A red cross Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using only shallow bore-holes in blasting operations?

To reduce the risk of damage to nearby structures Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a search reveals unexploded detonators in debris after a misfire?

Carefully remove and dispose of them immediately Signup and view all the answers

What must be ensured regarding the carriers of explosives and detonators?

They are experienced in all handling operations Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential safety consideration when using the electrical method of firing?

The possibility of one charge affecting adjacent ones Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an essential step to take before starting blasting operations?

Ensure all prior connections are checked Signup and view all the answers

What width and thickness is required for the line of shavings or dry grass during the disposal of explosives?

450 mm wide and 100 mm thick Signup and view all the answers

What role does the person in charge of a blast have regarding the broken rock post-blasting?

To inspect and ensure all holes have exploded Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a protocol for the removal of misfired explosives?

Immediate detonation of nearby explosives Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical requirement for the safe destruction of explosives disposal sites?

Minimum distance from buildings and homes of at least 800 metres Signup and view all the answers

What should be verified before drilling a new hole after a misfire?

The direction of the previous hole to avoid contact Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper action to take if a misfire occurs and it is safe to do so?

Examine and potentially reprimed the hole for firing Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary for the Blasting Mate to keep a key to the exploder in his pocket?

To ensure safety from unauthorized usage Signup and view all the answers

What type of tools should be avoided when attempting to sludge out tamping from a misfire?

Any kind of metal tool Signup and view all the answers

What action is prohibited within a distance of 300 mm of a misfired hole?

Drilling another hole Signup and view all the answers

What is a required safety measure when drilling new holes after a misfire?

Ensuring the new hole is far from the old one Signup and view all the answers

What should happen after a fresh hole is drilled to address a misfire?

The new hole should be fired to explode the old charge Signup and view all the answers

How long should one wait before drilling a new hole after a misfire has occurred?

60 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is required for a new hole to be drilled in the presence of an authorized shot-firer?

The distance from the misfire must be verified Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a recommended step after a misfire has occurred?

Attempting to withdraw a charge Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Storage and Use of Explosives

General: The "Indian Explosive Act 1884", "BIS Codes", and Railway Administration/State Government instructions provide guidance on explosive use.
Explosives Use: Explosives are used for various purposes on railways, including clearing boulders, quarrying, widening cuttings, deepening wells, rock cuttings, excavating foundations, and tunnel construction.
Instructions on Use: Detailed instructions are mandatory for major works and should cover:
- Duties of Blasting Mates and other staff.
- Description of materials used (e.g. explosives, detonators, safety-fuses, blasting cables, joint adapters, fuse lighters, exploders, and crimpers).
- Collection and transport of materials.
- Testing of materials used for blasting.
- Procedure and methods of boring, charging holes, and blasting.
- Imposition and removal of traffic blocks.
- Safety distances.
- Protection of track and structures during blasting.
- Precautions before, during, and after blasting.
- Danger and all clear signals.
- Periodical progress reports.
- Custody and storage of explosives in magazines and their accountal.
Observance of Rules:
- Explosive Possession: A license is required by the Explosive Rules.
- Responsibility: Divisional/Dy.Chief Engineer, Assistant Engineer, and Section Engineer (Works) ensure adherence to government and administration rules regarding explosive storage and use.
- Inspections: The Inspector of Explosives and District Magistrate have inspection powers over all magazines.
- Staff Awareness: Frequent checks ensure staff handling explosives understand the rules and modifications.
Carriage of Explosives: The "I.R.C.A. Red Tariff No.16" outlines how explosive transport by rail must be done. Explosives transported by road must have a vehicle license.
Protection to Trains and Railway Property:
- Blasting Near Railway Line: Blasting operations within 100 meters of a running line should typically be carried out under block protection. Tracks within 60 meters of blast sites are protected using old sleepers. The Permanent Way Inspector ensures train protection when blasting without a block.
- Misfired Charges: An Official in-charge is responsible for examining the blast site for misfired charges.
- Search for Unexploded Detonators: A careful search for unexploded detonators is crucial within debris.
Misfires with Electrical Firing:
- Multiple Trains: If more than one train is laid with electrical firing, lay them at a distance to prevent unintentional detonation from heat.
Explosives Disposal:
- No Abandonment: Explosives should not be abandoned and are disposed of or destroyed according to approved methods. Manufacturers or the appropriate authority provide guidance.
- Safe Handling: Explosives, caps, boxes, liners, or packing material should not be left in areas accessible to children, unauthorized persons, or livestock.
Paper Material Disposal: Paper or fibrous material used in explosive packing should be destroyed by burning under the supervision of a responsible person.
Destruction of Explosives:
- Supervision: Assistant Engineer supervision is mandatory for all explosive destruction.
- Black Powder: Black powder is dissolved in water, preferably hot, to safely dispose of it.
- Dynamite and Similar Explosives: No more than 2.5 kg of explosives should be destroyed at a time. Destroy in a designated area at least 800 meters from buildings and dwellings.
- Destruction Method: A line of shavings or dry grass is laid, sprinkled with kerosene oil, and ignited using a safety fuse. Cartridges are placed in a continuous line, spaced from the shavings line, to ensure complete destruction.

Handling Explosives

Explosives must be handled with extreme care: Possession and use of explosives requires licensing and strict adherence to rules and regulations.
Responsibility for implementing safe practices: The Divisional/Dy.Chief Engineer, Assistant Engineer, and Section Engineer are responsible for ensuring that all staff working with explosives understand and follow the relevant rules and regulations.
Inspectors have authority: The Inspector of Explosives and the District Magistrate have the authority to inspect all magazines (storage facilities for explosives).
Frequent checks on staff knowledge: Frequent checks must be conducted to ensure that all staff understand the rules and regulations governing explosives.

Blasting Operations

Safety for trains: All blasting operations within 100 meters of a running railway line should be performed under block protection. Tracks within 60 meters of the blasting area should be protected with old sleepers.
Timing for blasting: When blasting is conducted without block protection, no blasting should be done within 30 minutes of a train's expected arrival time.
Warning system: Before blasting commences, all personnel except those responsible for lighting the fuses must be warned by a signal (e.g., striking an empty tin or blowing a siren) and must stay at least 150 meters away.
Protection of structures: Shallow boreholes and light charges should be used when blasting near structures, such as bridges and telegraph wires. The angle of boreholes can be adjusted to control the blast.
Blasting mate responsibilities: The Blasting Mate is responsible for:
- Lighting fuses in the presence of other authorized personnel.
- Ensuring the number of shots fired matches the planned amount.
- Inspecting the work after blasting to ensure all holes have exploded and no unexploded cartridges remain.

Misfires:

-Safe distance: If a misfire is suspected, everyone must be warned and prevented from approaching the site. -Re-examination and re-wiring: The Blasting Mate should re-examine connections, check wiring, and re-wire if necessary. -Alternative firing: If the charge can’t be fired by electrical means, specific procedures for handling misfires outlined in paragraphs 82-84 of relevant regulations should be followed. -No manipulation: No person should attempt to bore out, withdraw, or tamper with a misfired hole or nearby holes. -Re-priming and firing: Tamping can be sludged out with compressed air or water but only under pressure.. The misfired hole should be re-primed and fired. -Drilling new holes: New holes should be drilled a minimum of 300mm (12 inches) away from the misfired hole, ensuring no contact with the remaining explosive. -Debris removal: Authorized shot-firers should supervise the removal of debris located within 2 meters of the misfired hole. -Careful search: Debris should be carefully searched for unexploded detonators and cartridges. -Adjacent charges: If a blast explodes a nearby charge that had not detonated, the blasting team must inspect the area to ensure no other charges have misfired.

Explosives Disposal

No abandonment: Explosives must never be abandoned.
Disposal methods: Explosives must be disposed of or destroyed according to approved methods. Manufacturers or relevant authorities should be consulted for guidance.
Safe handling: Explosive components, including boxes, liners, and packing materials, should not be left in areas accessible to children, unauthorized personnel, or livestock.
Disposal of packing materials: Paper or fibrous material used in packing explosives should not be reused and must be destroyed by burning in the presence of a responsible person.

Destruction of Explosives

Assistant Engineer supervision: The destruction of explosives should always be supervised by the Assistant Engineer.
Black powder destruction: Black powder should be thrown into water, preferably hot water, to dissolve the saltpetre and render the explosive harmless.
Destruction of dynamite: Destruction of dynamite and similar explosives should be carried out in a designated area at least 800 meters away from buildings and dwelling places. No more than 2.5 kg of explosives should be destroyed at a time.
Destructive procedure: A line of shavings or dry grass should be laid out at an angle to the wind. Kerosene oil should be used to create a continuous line of fire. Cartridges should be placed in a line spaced 25mm apart, with the wrappers removed and placed underneath. Cartridges should be placed approximately 6 meters from the line of flammable material, which will be ignited by a safety fuse.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz covers important guidelines and instructions regarding the storage and use of explosives as per the Indian Explosive Act 1884 and related regulations. It includes details on the roles of staff, materials used, collection transport, safety measures, and procedures for blasting in railway operations.