Stone Age Chronology and Lifestyles
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Questions and Answers

What British engineer made the first modern concrete by adding pebbles as a coarse aggregate and mixing powdered brick into the cement?

  • John Smeaton (correct)
  • Joseph Monier
  • Joseph Aspdin
  • Charles William Siemens

What is the property of a material to absorb water vapor from the air called?

  • Specific Weight
  • Hygroscopicity (correct)
  • Water Absorption
  • Porosity

What does the term 'specific weight' refer to?

  • The weight per unit volume of a material (correct)
  • The ability of a material to endure alternate wet and dry conditions for a long period without considerable deformation and loss of mechanical strength
  • The degree to which the volume of the material is interspersed with pores
  • The ratio of weight/mass of a given volume of solids to the weight/mass of an equal volume of water at 4 degrees Celsius

Who invented Portland Cement in 1824?

<p>Joseph Aspdin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What denotes the ability of the material to absorb and retain water?

<p>Water Absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who invented Reinforced Concrete and patented it in 1867?

<p>Joseph Monier (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ratio that indicates the degree to which the volume of a material is filled with solid matter called?

<p>Density Index (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does porosity refer to?

<p>The degree to which the volume of the material is interspersed with pores (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does specific gravity refer to?

<p>The ratio of weight/mass of a given volume of solids to the weight/mass of an equal volume of water at 4 degrees Celsius (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What British engineer made the first modern concrete by adding pebbles as a coarse aggregate and mixing powdered brick into the cement?

<p>John Smeaton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which Stone Age period did farming and permanent settlements begin?

<p>Neolithic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stone structure is known as the most imposing megalithic monument in existence?

<p>Stonehenge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material was extensively used by the Assyrians for construction?

<p>Alabaster (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which period is associated with the Ziggurat at Ur and the Tower of Babel?

<p>Mesopotamian Period (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which timber was used by the Egyptians for roofing?

<p>Date Palm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Stone Age period was characterized by nomadic hunting?

<p>Paleolithic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the chief building material during the Roman period?

<p>Concrete (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material was used for cementing in the Mesopotamian period?

<p>Bitumen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stone structure is a circular arrangement of megaliths enclosing a dolmen or burial mound?

<p>Cromlech (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of stone was used by the Egyptians for masonry materials?

<p>Alabaster (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main ingredient of lime putty used in plaster and cement?

<p>Calcium hydroxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ancient civilization extensively used lime for mortars and plasters?

<p>Greeks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of lime sets under water and is used where slow underwater setting is required?

<p>Hydraulic Lime (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was used as a plaster by the Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans?

<p>Gypsum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Romans develop by mixing lime putty and volcanic ash?

<p>Portland cement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of mixing quicklime with water to create calcium hydroxide known as?

<p>Slaking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of heating gypsum rock and losing about three-fourths of its combined water?

<p>Plaster of Paris (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the type of cement first developed by the Romans?

<p>Pozzolana (volcanic ash) cement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of material is added to gypsum plaster to render it more plastic?

<p>Hydrated lime (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal type of cement in use today?

<p>Portland cement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the hardening of concrete upon hydration become in terms of strength, hardness, and durability?

<p>Stone-like (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'setting' refer to in concrete?

<p>The hardening of concrete (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what form is concrete known as when mixed with water and a fine aggregate of less than 6mm (¼")?

<p>Mortar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to protect cement at the building site from injury through contact with dampness?

<p>Store it in a shed with a wood floor raised about 300mm (12&quot;) from the ground (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the lower layers of cement are stored in high piles for long periods?

<p>The lower layers harden due to the pressure above (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers
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