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Questions and Answers
In the reaction $2Al_2O_3(l) \rightarrow 4Al(s) + 3O_2(g)$, what is the mole ratio of $Al$ to $O_2$?
In the reaction $2Al_2O_3(l) \rightarrow 4Al(s) + 3O_2(g)$, what is the mole ratio of $Al$ to $O_2$?
- 1:1
- 3:4
- 2:3
- 4:3 (correct)
Which statement best describes the relationship between reaction stoichiometry and balanced chemical equations?
Which statement best describes the relationship between reaction stoichiometry and balanced chemical equations?
- Balanced chemical equations are optional for reaction stoichiometry calculations.
- A balanced chemical equation is essential for determining the mole ratios needed in reaction stoichiometry. (correct)
- Reaction stoichiometry calculations can be performed without a balanced chemical equation if molar masses are known.
- Reaction stoichiometry is used to balance chemical equations.
For the reaction $CO_2(g) + 2LiOH(s) \rightarrow Li_2CO_3(s) + H_2O(l)$, what conversion factor is needed to determine the mass of $Li_2CO_3$ produced from a given mass of $CO_2$?
For the reaction $CO_2(g) + 2LiOH(s) \rightarrow Li_2CO_3(s) + H_2O(l)$, what conversion factor is needed to determine the mass of $Li_2CO_3$ produced from a given mass of $CO_2$?
- Molar mass of $CO_2$, molar mass of $Li_2CO_3$, and the mole ratio of $CO_2$ to $Li_2CO_3$ (correct)
- Molar mass of $CO_2$
- Molar mass of $CO_2$ and the mole ratio of $CO_2$ to $Li_2CO_3$
- Mole ratio of $CO_2$ to $Li_2CO_3$ only
Consider the reaction: $4NH_3(g) + 5O_2(g) \rightarrow 4NO(g) + 6H_2O(g)$. If 34 grams of $NH_3$ react completely, how many moles of $H_2O$ are produced?
Consider the reaction: $4NH_3(g) + 5O_2(g) \rightarrow 4NO(g) + 6H_2O(g)$. If 34 grams of $NH_3$ react completely, how many moles of $H_2O$ are produced?
In composition stoichiometry, what information is primarily analyzed?
In composition stoichiometry, what information is primarily analyzed?
If 10.0 grams of $N_2O$ are produced in the reaction $NH_4NO_3(s) \rightarrow N_2O(g) + 2H_2O(l)$, what mass of $NH_4NO_3$ was required?
If 10.0 grams of $N_2O$ are produced in the reaction $NH_4NO_3(s) \rightarrow N_2O(g) + 2H_2O(l)$, what mass of $NH_4NO_3$ was required?
How does the concept of molar mass connect composition and reaction stoichiometry?
How does the concept of molar mass connect composition and reaction stoichiometry?
In the context of stoichiometry, what is a 'mole ratio' primarily used for?
In the context of stoichiometry, what is a 'mole ratio' primarily used for?
For the reaction $6CO_2(g) + 6H_2O(l) \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6(s) + 6O_2(g)$, if you start with 12 moles of $CO_2$, what mass of glucose ($C_6H_{12}O_6$) can theoretically be produced?
For the reaction $6CO_2(g) + 6H_2O(l) \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6(s) + 6O_2(g)$, if you start with 12 moles of $CO_2$, what mass of glucose ($C_6H_{12}O_6$) can theoretically be produced?
What is the key difference between using stoichiometry for compositional analysis versus reaction yield calculations?
What is the key difference between using stoichiometry for compositional analysis versus reaction yield calculations?
Flashcards
Composition Stoichiometry
Composition Stoichiometry
Deals with the mass relationships of elements in compounds.
Reaction Stoichiometry
Reaction Stoichiometry
Involves the mass relationships between reactants and products in a chemical reaction; requires a balanced equation.
Mole Ratio
Mole Ratio
A conversion factor derived from the coefficients of a balanced chemical equation, relating the amounts in moles of any two substances.
Molar Mass
Molar Mass
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Mole-to-Mole Conversion
Mole-to-Mole Conversion
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Mole-to-Mass Conversion
Mole-to-Mass Conversion
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Mass-to-Mole Conversion
Mass-to-Mole Conversion
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Mass-to-Mass Conversion
Mass-to-Mass Conversion
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Study Notes
- Composition stoichiometry deals with mass relationships of elements in compounds.
- Reaction stoichiometry involves mass relationships among reactants and products in a chemical reaction.
- All reaction stoichiometry calculations must start with a balanced equation.
Mole Ratio
- A mole ratio is a conversion factor that relates the amounts in moles of any two substances involved in a chemical equation.
- For the equation 2Al₂O₃(l) → 4Al(s) + 3O₂(g), mole ratios can be written to compare any two of the substances.
Molar Mass
- Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical compound.
- The unit for molar mass is grams per mole (g/mol).
- Molar mass can be used as a conversion factor between mass and moles.
Stoichiometric Problems
- Stoichiometric problems include: mole to mole, mole to mass, mass to mole, and mass to mass conversions.
Mole to Mole Conversion
- Example: CO₂(g) + 2LiOH(s) → Li₂CO₃(s) + H₂O(l)
- Problem: How many moles of lithium hydroxide are required to react with 20. moles of CO₂?
- Solution:
- Given: 20 mol CO₂
- Unknown: ? mol LiOH
- Ratio: 1 mol CO₂ : 2 mol LiOH
- Calculation: 20 mol CO₂ * (2 mol LiOH / 1 mol CO₂)
Mole to Mass Conversion
- Example: 6CO₂(g) + 6H₂O(l) → C₆H₁₂O₆(s) + 6O₂(g)
- Problem: What mass, in grams, of glucose is produced when 3.00 mol of water reacts with carbon dioxide?
- Given: 3 mol H₂O
- Unknown: ? mass of C₆H₁₂O₆
- Ratio: 6 mol H₂O : 1 mol C₆H₁₂O₆ (180 g)
- Calculation: 3 mol H₂O * (180 g C₆H₁₂O₆ / 6 mol H₂O)
Mass to Mole Conversion
- Example: 4NH₃(g) + 5O₂(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H₂O(g)
- Problem: If 824 g NH₃ reacts with excess O₂, how many moles of NO are formed?
- Given: 824 g NH₃
- Unknown: ? mol NO
- Ratio: 4(17) g NH₃ : 4 mol NO
- Calculation: 824 g NH₃ * (4 mol NO / (4 * 17) g NH₃) = 48.5 mol
Mass to Mass Conversion
- Example: NH₄NO₃(s) → N₂O(g) + 2H₂O(l)
- Problem: How many grams of NH₄NO₃ are required to produce 33.0 g N₂O?
- Ratio: 1(80) g NH₄NO₃ : 1(44) g N₂O
- Calculation: 33 g N₂O * (80 g NH₄NO₃ / 44 g N₂O)
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