Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the ABCD in Primary Survey stand for?
What does the ABCD in Primary Survey stand for?
What does the IAID in Secondary Survey signify?
What does the IAID in Secondary Survey signify?
What should you do with a non-responsive patient?
What should you do with a non-responsive patient?
Conduct the first survey, then the second survey.
What is involved in medication administration?
What is involved in medication administration?
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What do you do if the AED determines a non-shockable rhythm?
What do you do if the AED determines a non-shockable rhythm?
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What is PEA?
What is PEA?
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What does the ACLS Survey consist of?
What does the ACLS Survey consist of?
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What are key considerations for the ACLS Airway Survey?
What are key considerations for the ACLS Airway Survey?
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How many ventilations do you provide when the patient is in cardiac arrest?
How many ventilations do you provide when the patient is in cardiac arrest?
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What do you do with a non-responsive patient?
What do you do with a non-responsive patient?
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What should you do for a patient who is stable and has chest pain?
What should you do for a patient who is stable and has chest pain?
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Study Notes
Primary and Secondary Surveys
- Primary Survey involves ABCD: Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Defibrillation.
- Secondary Survey consists of IAID: Intubate (if respiratory arrest), Access airway, IV/IO access for medications, Differential diagnosis (H's & T's).
Patient Responsiveness Procedures
- For a non-responsive patient, conduct the primary survey followed by the secondary survey.
Medication Administration
- Secure IV access with a large bore (18 g) cannula.
- Preferred site for IV is the antecubital (AC) area.
- Always flush the IV line after medication administration.
AED and Rhythm Analysis
- If the AED indicates a non-shockable rhythm, continue with chest compressions.
Understanding PEA
- PEA (Pulseless Electrical Activity) is a condition where the ECG shows electrical activity, but no palpable pulse can be detected in the patient.
ACLS Survey Overview
- Similar to the primary survey: ABCD with emphasis on maintaining airway, breathing, circulation, and defibrillation.
ACLS Airway Management
- Provide supplemental oxygen when necessary: 100% oxygen for cardiac arrest, titrate to maintain O2 saturation above 94% for others.
- Monitor effectiveness of ventilation by observing chest rise/fall, signs of cyanosis, O2 saturation levels, and waveform capnography.
- Avoid excessive ventilation to prevent complications.
Ventilation Guidelines in Cardiac Arrest
- Administer 2 ventilations for every 30 chest compressions during cardiac arrest.
- If an advanced airway is established, provide 1 ventilation every 6-8 seconds.
- In cases of respiratory arrest, ventilations should occur at a rate of 1 every 5-6 seconds.
Emergency Response for Non-Responsive Patient
- Activate the Emergency Response System and retrieve the AED.
- Check the patient's pulse before commencing CPR.
Management for Stable Chest Pain Patient
- Monitor and support airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC).
- Be prepared to administer CPR and defibrillation as needed.
- Administer Aspirin and monitor oxygen saturation levels.
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