10 Questions
Which of the following defines enantiomers?
Compounds with the same molecular formula and mirror-image relationship
What is a chiral molecule?
A molecule with four different groups attached to a tetrahedral carbon atom
What is a racemic mixture?
An equimolar mixture of two enantiomers that are optically inactive
How is the absolute configuration (R or S) of a compound determined?
By tracing a path from 1 to 2 to 3 and checking if the direction is clockwise or counterclockwise
What characteristic distinguishes enantiomers from each other?
Their interactions with other chiral molecules
Which type of isomers have the same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement of the carbon chain?
Chain Isomers
What type of isomers differ in the position of the functional groups?
Functional Isomers
Which type of isomers differ in the functional groups themselves?
Functional Isomers
What are stereoisomers that are non-superposable mirror images of each other called?
Enantiomers
What general category do stereoisomers fall into when their molecules are not mirror images of each other?
Diastereomers
Study Notes
Stereochemistry
- Enantiomers are stereoisomers that are non-superposable mirror images of each other.
Chirality
- A chiral molecule is a molecule that cannot be superimposed on its mirror image.
Mixtures
- A racemic mixture is a mixture containing equal amounts of a pair of enantiomers.
Configuration Determination
- The absolute configuration (R or S) of a compound is determined by the arrangement of atoms in space.
Enantiomer Characteristics
- Enantiomers are distinguished from each other by their ability to rotate plane-polarized light in opposite directions.
Structural Isomerism
- Structural isomers are isomers that have the same molecular formula but differ in the arrangement of the carbon chain.
Positional Isomerism
- Positional isomers are isomers that differ in the position of the functional groups.
Functional Group Isomerism
- Functional group isomers are isomers that differ in the functional groups themselves.
Stereoisomerism
- Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other fall into the category of diastereomers.
Test your knowledge of stereochemistry isomers classification with this quiz. Learn about constitutional isomers, including chain isomers, positional isomers, and functional isomers, and their differences in connectivity and arrangement of atoms.
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