Stem Cells and Self-Renewal Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements about totipotent cells is correct?

  • They can differentiate into all cell types of an organism, including extraembryonic tissues. (correct)
  • They are found only in adult stem cells.
  • They are incapable of self-renewal.
  • They can only differentiate into the three germ layers: endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm.

Which of the following cell types is derived from the mesoderm germ layer?

  • Liver cells
  • Skin cells
  • Muscle cells (correct)
  • Neurons

Which of the following statements about embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is correct?

  • ESCs are derived from adult stem cells.
  • ESCs are incapable of self-renewal.
  • ESCs are found within the tissues of children and adults.
  • ESCs are pluripotent, meaning they can differentiate into all cell types except extraembryonic tissues. (correct)

Which of the following germ layers gives rise to the digestive system and respiratory system?

<p>Endoderm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about adult stem cells is correct?

<p>Adult stem cells are found within tissues of children and adults. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of stem cells?

<p>Found only in embryos (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cell types is NOT a primary germ layer formed during gastrulation?

<p>Trophectoderm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cell types is NOT derived from embryonic stem cells?

<p>Spermatozoa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the synthetic embryos described in the text?

<p>They lack extraembryonic tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using synthetic embryos as described in the text?

<p>They can be used to study early embryonic development without ethical concerns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cell types is derived from the mesoderm germ layer?

<p>Cardiomyocytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key advantage of transdifferentiation over reprogramming to a pluripotent state?

<p>Transdifferentiation avoids the risk of teratoma formation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cell types has been successfully generated through transdifferentiation, according to the text?

<p>Pancreatic beta cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The text mentions that cardiac myocytes have been generated from which of the following cell types through transdifferentiation?

<p>Cardiac fibroblasts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors or conditions was NOT mentioned in the text as being involved in the transdifferentiation of cardiac fibroblasts into cardiac myocytes?

<p>Retinoic acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cell types is considered to be the most multipotent, based on the information provided in the text?

<p>Embryonic stem cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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