Steam Condenser Functions and Benefits

What is one of the purposes of a steam condenser as mentioned in the text?

Increasing the available heat energy for converting into mechanical work.

Which of the following is an organ of a steam condensing plant based on the text?

Wet air pump

How does a steam condenser impact the thermal efficiency of a condensing unit compared to a non-condensing unit?

Increases the thermal efficiency

What is the function of the hot well in a steam condensing plant?

To supply feed water for the boiler Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for a steam condenser to maintain a very low back pressure on the exhaust side?

To allow the steam to expand more, resulting in increased available heat energy for work Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the supply of cooling (or injection) water in a steam condensing plant?

To help in condensing the steam Signup and view all the answers

What is the major function of a steam nozzle?

To produce steam jet with high velocity to drive steam turbines Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a turbine nozzle in an impulse turbine?

To direct the high-velocity steam jet against blades to convert kinetic energy into shaft work Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a convergent-divergent nozzle in comparison to a convergent nozzle?

Produces steam at higher velocities Signup and view all the answers

What can be assumed about the flow of steam through a nozzle?

It is adiabatic Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to reducing the final velocity of steam in a nozzle?

Internal friction of steam itself Signup and view all the answers

How do frictional losses affect the expansion process in a nozzle?

Reduce final dryness fraction of steam Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying principle of an evaporative condenser?

Reducing the water quantity needed for condensation Signup and view all the answers

In a down flow type of surface condenser, what is the direction of flow of the exhaust steam over the tubes?

Downwards Signup and view all the answers

What is the position of the air suction in an inverted flow type of condenser?

At the top Signup and view all the answers

Which type of condenser adopts a regenerative method of heating the condensate?

Regenerative type Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant advantage of using a surface condenser?

Reuse of condensate for boiler feed water Signup and view all the answers

In a central flow type of surface condenser, where is the suction pipe of the air extraction pump located?

In the center of the tubes Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the exhaust steam after entering an inverted flow type of condenser?

It rises up and then flows down Signup and view all the answers

Why is it advantageous to have less chances of losing vacuum in a surface condenser?

To maintain thermal efficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is one disadvantage associated with an evaporative type of condenser?

Requires large floor area Signup and view all the answers

Which feature reduces the pressure drop of steam in a central flow type of surface condenser?

Large passages Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for corrected vacuum in mm of Hg, based on the information provided?

760 - (Actual barometric height - Actual vacuum) Signup and view all the answers

What is the vacuum efficiency formula based on the given text?

Actual vacuum / (Barometer pressure - Absolute pressure of steam) Signup and view all the answers

What does condenser efficiency represent in a cooling system?

Ratio of cooling water temperature rise to difference in temperatures Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a cooling tower in a power plant?

To cool the hot water from the condenser for reuse Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT affect the cooling of water in a cooling tower according to the text?

Magnitude of sun's radiation Signup and view all the answers

Which material is NOT commonly used for constructing cooling towers according to the text?

(Fiberglass) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes natural draught cooling towers from mechanical draught cooling towers as per the text?

(Presence of fans vs Absence of fans) Signup and view all the answers

'Self-supported structures' mentioned in the text refer to what characteristic of concrete hyperbolic cooling towers?

(They are built without any external support) Signup and view all the answers

'DBT' and 'R.H.' mentioned in relation to natural draught cooling towers stand for what?

(Dry Bulb Temperature and Relative Humidity) Signup and view all the answers

'Enlarged top allowing water to fall out of suspension' is an advantage associated with what type of cooling tower?

(Concrete hyperbolic cooling towers) Signup and view all the answers

What is the major difference between a jet condenser and a surface condenser?

In jet condensers, the steam and water come into direct contact, while in surface condensers they do not. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using a surface condenser over a jet condenser?

The cooling water in surface condensers can be made suitable for boiler feed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the baffle plate in a low level jet condenser (Parallel-flow)?

To ensure proper mixing of the steam and cooling water. Signup and view all the answers

How does a high level jet condenser differ from a low level jet condenser?

A high level jet condenser is placed at a height above a hot well, unlike a low level jet condenser. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the air suction pump in a low level jet condenser (Counter-flow)?

To remove air from the condensate and water mixture. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the ejector condenser in the system?

To create a vacuum for efficient steam condensation. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a counter-flow type jet condenser from a parallel-flow type?

In counter-flow, steam and cooling water flow in opposite directions; in parallel-flow, they flow downward together. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a single-pass surface condenser from a double-pass surface condenser?

In single-pass, water flows through only some tubes once; in double-pass, it flows through all tubes twice. Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing factor between high level counter-flow jet condenser and other types?

The use of a diverging cone to increase pressure energy before discharge. Signup and view all the answers