Statistics with R for Beginners

<p>To serve as a tool for understanding data. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A form of measurement. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because psychology experiments are more complex than physics experiments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assigning numbers, labels, or well-defined descriptions to entities of interest. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assigning numbers, labels, or descriptions to measurable attributes such as age or gender. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gender bias influencing funding. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Understanding the context behind data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is more heavily psychology-specific. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They do not have the capacity for individual opinions or deliberate sabotage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary discussion of research methodology and less on data analysis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The specific attribute or characteristic being evaluated. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data collection is portrayed as a type of measurement within this field. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A variable where an infinite number of values can exist between any two given values. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through numbers, labels, or well-defined descriptions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nominal scale variables. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ratio (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The year someone graduated from school. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Discrete and ratio scale (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because they are designed to be guidelines and aid thinking. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is often used when a nominal scale variable would be more accurate. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some ratio scale variables are discrete and some are continuous. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because the economics of the situation demand a level of independence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because understanding data is essential for navigating daily life with the abundance of data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Failing to report the baseline data of a statistical claim. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To demonstrate the importance of knowledge of statistics to identify misinformation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>You would develop a greater ability to identify and criticize statistical errors in media, possibly leading to increased frustration and anger. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Statistics is just one component of the broader field of research methods. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Statistical knowledge is useful for keeping up with the latest literature and research. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More anecdotes of statistical errors in the news. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ordinal scale (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A 5-point Likert scale (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because participants often act as if the differences between options are fairly similar. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both A and B. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is based on a natural zero. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The differences between options are not proven to be equal. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have ordered categories. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They do not have a true zero point. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The consistency of measurements when taken by different individuals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Internal consistency reliability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Only when the aim is to measure the same thing consistently. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Outcome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the variable that is used to explain or predict changes in another variable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It would have low internal consistency across the assessment as a whole. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Internal consistency reliability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Independent variable (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A tendency to favor one gender over another in funding decisions.

Data that is combined from several measurements or sources.

Data that is broken down into smaller, more specific components.

Statistics are essential for analyzing human behavior and complex data.

Psychology utilizes statistics due to the complexity of studying human behavior.

Psychologists need advanced statistical skills for research and data interpretation.

Studying people involves unique complications not found in hard sciences.

Statistics aid in analyzing and interpreting data but require careful thought.

The process of planning how to collect and analyze data in research.

The method of gathering information for analysis in research studies.

Assigning numbers or labels to assess human behavior or mental states.

Referencing a foundational work on research design in psychology.

A significant contributor to understanding scales of measurement.

The act of assigning well-defined descriptions to variables being studied.

Various methods to quantify or label psychological constructs.

The practice of using numerical values to represent concepts or quantities.

The duration taken to respond to a stimulus; can be continuous.

A variable that can take any value within a given range.

A variable that can only take specific values, not in between.

A measurement scale that categorizes data without a defined order.

A scale that ranks variables in order, but no specific intervals.

A scale with ordered values and equal intervals, but no true zero.

A scale that has a true zero and allows for comparison of values.

A psychometric scale used to measure attitudes or opinions.

The ability to independently understand and analyze information in research.

Statistics is crucial for interpreting data and informed decision-making.

Understanding statistics enough to assess information critically.

Failing to report baseline data in findings.

Journalists often mishandle statistical data in their reporting.

Being informed about statistics can lead to frustration with misinformation.

Research methodology encompasses more than just statistical analysis.

Current era heavily relies on data across all fields of life.

Consistency across different measurements by different raters.

Consistency of responses across items within the same measurement.

Variable that is being explained in a study.

Variable that does the explaining in a study.

Assessment lacks uniformity among its components.

Assessment shows uniformity among its questions.

The process of assessing variables through various means.

Elements in a study that can take on different values.

A specific Likert scale using five response choices.

Data treated as interval scale despite being ordinal.

A tool used to quantify psychological constructs.

The consistency of a measure across time and contexts.