Statistics Symbols Flashcards

Statistical Symbols and Their Definitions

• μ (mew): Represents the population mean as well as the mean of the sampling distribution of x bar.
• β: Denotes the probability of making a type II error, which occurs when failing to reject a false null hypothesis.
• σ: Symbolizes the population standard deviation, indicating the dispersion of population data around the mean.
• s/√n: Formula for the standard error of the sample mean (x), helping to quantify the uncertainty in the estimate of the population mean.
• x̄1 - x̄2: Represents the difference between two sample means, critical for comparing different datasets.
• μ1 - μ2 (mew1 - mew2): Indicates the difference between two population means, essential for understanding variations between two groups.
• σ/√n: Refers to the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of x, illustrating how sample means vary from the population mean.
• d̄: Represents the mean of the sample of differences, often used in paired sample analyses.
• x̄: The sample mean, which is a point estimate of the population mean calculated from sample data.
• √((s1/n1)² + (s2/n2)²): This formula calculates the standard error of the difference between two sample means, providing insight into the variability of this estimate.
• s: The sample standard deviation, capturing the variability of observations within a sample.
• s_d: Refers to the standard deviation of the sample of differences, applicable in contexts such as matched pair t-tests.
• α (alpha): Signifies the level of significance, which is the probability of making a type I error, or rejecting a true null hypothesis.
• t s/√n*: The formula for calculating the margin of error for a one-sample t confidence interval for the population mean (μ), helping to quantify the uncertainty around the estimate.