Statistics: Population and Sample
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Questions and Answers

What is the totality of individual observations about which inferences are to be made?

  • Population (correct)
  • Sample
  • Parameter
  • Statistic

    • What is a summary measure computed to describe a characteristic of the population?

  • Statistic
  • Sample
  • Parameter (correct)
  • Variance

    • What is a number that describes the data from a sample?

  • Variance
  • Parameter
  • Population
  • Statistic (correct)

    • What is the symbol used to represent the population mean?

    <p>μ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the symbol used to represent the population standard deviation?

    <p>σ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the TRUE average age of all the 2,890 BUPCEANS?

    <p>Population Mean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of hypothesis testing?

    <p>To determine whether the sample data supports a hypothesis about the population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha)?

    <p>To determine if the evidence is enough to establish that the Null Hypothesis is not true</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Null Hypothesis (Ho) used for?

    <p>To hypothesize 'no difference' or 'no effect'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many types of hypotheses are formulated in hypothesis testing?

    <p>Two types: Null and Alternative Hypotheses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the second step in hypothesis testing?

    <p>Select the statistical analysis model to use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the problem objective, NULL HYPOTHESIS testing may be categorized into how many categories?

    <p>Three categories: description of a single population, comparison of two populations, and analysis of the relationship between two variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hypothesis?

    <p>An educated guess that can be tested by scientific methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the null hypothesis denoted by?

    <p>Ho</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the researcher trying to do with the null hypothesis?

    <p>Disprove it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the symbol μ represent in hypothesis testing?

    <p>The actual mean of the population under analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the alternative hypothesis denoted by?

    <p>H1 or HA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the symbol ≠ represent in hypothesis testing?

    <p>Is not equal to</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As the NON REJECTION region becomes wider, what is more likely to happen to the NULL Hypothesis?

    <p>It is more likely to be supported</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a one-tailed test, where is the critical value and rejection region typically located?

    <p>In the tail where the alternate hypothesis points to</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the inequality sign in a left-tailed test?

    <p>&lt;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of non-parametric tests?

    <p>They are distribution-free tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between parametric and non-parametric tests?

    <p>The assumption about the distribution of the data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of error increases as alpha decreases?

    <p>Type II error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using a two-tailed test in scientific research?

    <p>It allows researchers to detect both positive and negative effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the critical values when the alpha level decreases?

    <p>They move closer to the mean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of splitting the significance level percentage between both tails of the distribution in a two-tailed test?

    <p>To detect effects in both directions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the alpha level and the chance of Type I error?

    <p>As the alpha level decreases, the chance of Type I error decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a 95% level of confidence in a two-tailed test?

    <p>It means that 95% of the sample means should be in the non-rejection region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a one-tailed test and a two-tailed test?

    <p>The direction of the effect being tested</p> Signup and view all the answers

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