Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of biostatistics?
What is the primary focus of biostatistics?
- Analysis of data in business
- Applications in health sciences and biology (correct)
- Development of statistical theory in mathematics
- Creation of new programming languages
A population is a set of values that a variable can have.
A population is a set of values that a variable can have.
True (A)
What distinguishes a parameter from a statistic?
What distinguishes a parameter from a statistic?
A parameter refers to a characteristic of the population, while a statistic refers to a characteristic of the sample.
A collection of data is often called a _____ set.
A collection of data is often called a _____ set.
Which of the following best describes a quantitative variable?
Which of the following best describes a quantitative variable?
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Data is singular and refers to a single observation.
Data is singular and refers to a single observation.
Provide one example of a qualitative variable.
Provide one example of a qualitative variable.
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Study Notes
Statistics
- Statistics is the study of how we make sense of data arising from random processess or phenomena.
- The field of statistics provides fundamental techniques for the scientific method through:
- Forming hypotheses
- Designing experiments and observational studies
- Gathering data
- Summarizing data
- Drawing inferences from data and testing hypotheses
Branches of Statistics
- Mathematical Statistics is the development of statistical theory and methods.
- Applied Statistics involves the application of statistical methods to solve real problems involving randomly generated data.
Biostatistics
- Biostatistics is a branch of applied statistics focusing on health sciences and biology.
Data
- Data are observations of random variables made on elements of a population or sample.
- Data are quantities, numbers, or qualities observed and collected for analysis.
Variables
- A variable is an object, characteristic, or property that can vary in different places, persons, or things.
- A quantitative variable can be measured.
- Examples: heart rate, height, weight, age, size of a tumor, volume of a dose.
- A qualitative (categorical) variable cannot be measured, but can be sorted into categories.
- Examples: gender, drug name, disease status.
Populations and Samples
- A population is the collection of every value that a variable may have.
- A sample is a part of the population.
- We use sample data to draw inferences about the population.
- The sample mean is not the true mean but may be very close depending on the sample size.
Parameters vs. Statistics
- A parameter is a characteristic of the population.
- A statistic is a characteristic of the sample.
- We estimate sample mean to have insight on the true population mean.
- The sample mean is a ‘statistic’.
- The population mean is a ‘parameter’.
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