Questions and Answers
What is the difference between a class boundary and a class limit?
Class limits are possible data values, while class boundaries are values halfway between the upper class limit of one class and the lower class limit of the next.
How do you find the class width?
Largest data value - smallest data value / desired number of classes.
What is the midpoint in a data set?
Lower class limit + upper class limit / 2.
What does frequency measure?
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What is relative frequency?
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What is cumulative relative frequency?
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What are basic distribution shapes?
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What is a stem and leaf display?
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What is the mean of a distribution?
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What is the median in a distribution?
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What is the mode?
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What does range measure?
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What are the steps for calculating population variance?
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What does Σx represent?
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What does Σx^2 represent?
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What is standard deviation s?
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What is sample variance s^2?
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What is the coefficient of variation?
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What is the slope m?
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Study Notes
Class Boundaries vs Class Limits
- Class limits represent possible data values within a class.
- Class boundaries are values located halfway between the upper limit of one class and the lower limit of the next class.
Class Width
- Calculated by subtracting the smallest data value from the largest and dividing by the desired number of classes.
Midpoint
- Determined by averaging the lower and upper class limits of a class.
Frequency
- Represents how often a specific number occurs within defined class limits.
Relative Frequency
- The proportion of times an answer appears, calculated by dividing each frequency by the total sample size.
Cumulative Relative Frequency
- A running total of relative frequencies, found by adding the current relative frequency to the sum of previous relative frequencies.
Basic Distribution Shapes
- Understanding the general forms distributions can take.
Stem and Leaf Display
- A data visualization technique for rank-ordering and grouping data effectively.
Mean
- The arithmetic average of a dataset, found by summing all scores and dividing by the total number of scores.
Median
- The central score in a data distribution, with equal numbers of scores above and below it.
Mode
- The value that appears most frequently in a dataset.
Range
- The difference between the highest and lowest scores within a dataset.
Population N
- Steps to calculate variance and standard deviation:
- Compute the mean (μ).
- Determine the deviations from the mean for each data point.
- Square each deviation.
- Sum the squared deviations.
- Divide by the total number of data points to get variance.
- Take the square root of the variance for standard deviation.
Verify Σx
- Involves summing a set of numbers.
Verify Σx²
- Requires adding the squares of each number in a dataset.
Standard Deviation (s)
- Formula involves summing deviations and adjusting for population size.
Sample Variance (s²)
- Measure of variability calculated from sample data.
Coefficient of Variation
- Indicates relative variability by dividing the standard deviation by the mean and multiplying by 100.
Slope (m)
- Calculated with the formula: ( r \times \frac{S_y}{S_x} ), where ( r ) is the correlation coefficient, ( S_y ) is the standard deviation of y, and ( S_x ) is the standard deviation of x.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key concepts from Statistics Midterm 1 with these flashcards. This quiz covers definitions and differences between class boundaries and limits as well as calculations involving class width. Perfect for quick review before the exam!