Statistics Concepts

• Subjective data includes a client's perception of pain.
• Open-ended questions should not be used to keep an interview from going off course.
• Nurses should accept client's cultural differences.
• Nurses should have knowledge of their own thoughts and feelings about sensitive issues to be therapeutic with clients.
• Use very basic lay terminology for clients with a limited vocabulary.
• During a client interview regarding smoking, direct encouragement to quit is a suitable course of action.
• Nurses should use touch appropriately and in a friendly manner.
• Nurses should provide clients with information as questions arise.
• Nurses should maintain eye contact while asking standardized questions.
• To interview a 78-year-old client, the nurse should establish rapport.
• Nurses can clarify a client's statements by rephrasing the client's statements.
• During a client interview, problems and goals are identified in the working phase of the interview.
• Place the hand flat on the body surface, and use the fist of the other hand to perform blunt percussion.
• The most common percussion method is indirect percussion.
• The nurse should draw a line through an error, writing "error" and initialing.
• Nurses should avoid slang when documenting findings and direct quotes.
• Critical thinkers validate information and judgements.

Matching terms in the left column with the correct description in the right column.

• A nursing diagnosis indicates the client does not currently have a problem but is at high risk for developing it.

Essential elements of critical thinking

• Self-rate critical thinking elements to determine level, discuss improvements with peers.
• Assess lab partners' well being.
• Analyze data to draw conclusions, identify nursing diagnoses/collaborative problems.
• Discuss diagnostic reasoning pitfalls and avoidance strategies.

Alcohol Harm

• A female client with a score of 8 on the AUDIT has hazardous alcohol consumption.

Analyzing Cases

• Analyze case study data by identifying cues, drawing inferences, constructing clusters, and documenting conclusions.
• Propose nursing diagnoses, collaborative problems and referrals.

Normal variations

• List some "normal variations" that may be observed in the mental status exam of different clients from various cultures.
• Mood, feelings, expressions, and perceptions are documented as a result of the SLUMS test (Saint Louis University Mental Status).
• Orientation to time is usually lost first, and orientation to person is usually lost last.
• Nurses test abstract reasoning by asking clients to explain similarities and differences between objects.
• After using the SLUMS tool, a score of 12 indicates a referral to the primary health care provider for further evaluation.
• CAGE assessment is used to determine if further assessment is needed.

Matching

• Freud's theory relates to the id/ego/superego.
• Erikson's theory is generativity versus stagnation.
• Piaget's theory concerns growth and development of intellectual structures.
• Kohlberg viewed justice as the goal of moral judgment.
• Sensorimotor thoughts are demonstrated by physical manipulation of objects/stimuli.

Matching descriptions may be

• Lethargy means opening eyes, answering questions, and falling back asleep.
• Health refers to a state of physical, mental, and social well-being.
• Mental disorder involves underlying psychological dysfunction.

Assessing Risk

• Role play the various levels of consciousness: lethargy, obtunded, stupor, and coma.
• Nursing Interview Guide collect subjective data from the client.

Activities

• Mrs. Phillips with constant cough should consider a collaborative problem, "Risk for stress".

Activities and Critical Thinking

• Identify cue clusters and diagnostic conclusions or collaborative problems from case studies.