Questions and Answers
What is a variable?
What are the classifications of variables?
Numeric, Categorical, Experimental, Non-Experimental and Variables according to the number being studied.
What are numeric variables?
Variables with values that describe a measurable numerical quantity.
Which of the following are types of numerical variables?
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What are continuous variables?
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Give examples of continuous variables.
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What are discrete variables?
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What are categorical variables?
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Which of the following are types of categorical variables?
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What are ordinal variables?
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What are nominal variables?
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What are dichotomous variables?
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What are polychotomous variables?
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What are experimental variables?
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What are independent variables?
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What are dependent variables?
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What are extraneous variables?
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What are non-experimental variables?
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What is an example of a non-experimental variable?
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What are the types of studies based on the number of variables?
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What is a univariate study?
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What is a bivariate study?
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What is a polyvariate study?
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Study Notes
Classification of Variables
- Variables are factors or properties measured, controlled, or manipulated by researchers.
- Types of variable classifications include: Numeric, Categorical, Experimental, Non-Experimental, and based on the number of variables studied.
Numeric Variables
- Numeric variables represent measurable numerical quantities, answering "how many" or "how much."
- Comprised of Continuous and Discrete variables.
Continuous Variables
- Can take any value within a specified range of real numbers, also referred to as Interval Variables.
- Examples include time, age, temperature, height, and weight.
Discrete Variables
- Only take whole values within the defined limits.
- Examples include the number of registered cars, business locations, children in a family, student population, and faculty numbers.
Categorical Variables
- Describe qualities or characteristics and answer questions like "what type" or which category.
- Further divided into Ordinal, Nominal, Dichotomous, and Polychotomous variables.
Ordinal Variables
- Can be logically ordered or ranked.
- Examples include academic grades, clothing sizes, and attitude measures like "strongly agree."
Nominal Variables
- Values cannot be logically sequenced.
- Examples encompass business types, eye colors, religions, and types of learners.
Dichotomous Variables
- Represent only two categories.
- Examples are male/female, yes/no, and true/false.
Polychotomous Variables
- Have multiple categories.
- Examples include educational attainment and levels of performance.
Experimental Variables
- Include Independent, Dependent, and Extraneous variables.
Independent Variables
- Typically manipulated in experiments, also known as explanatory variables.
Dependent Variables
- Affected by the manipulation of independent variables, also referred to as response or predicted variables.
Extraneous Variables
- Also called mediating or intervening variables; can affect the relationship between independent and dependent variables.
Non-Experimental Variables
- Include Predictor and Criterion variables.
Predictor Variables
- Change one or more other variables in non-experimental studies.
Criterion Variables
- Influenced by predictor variables.
Study Types by Number of Variables
- Univariate study: focuses on one variable.
- Bivariate study: examines two variables.
- Polyvariate study: investigates more than two variables.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the classification of variables in statistics with this flashcard quiz. Learn the definitions and distinctions between numeric, categorical, experimental, and non-experimental variables. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of variable types.