Statins and HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

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Questions and Answers

What is the common name for HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors?

Statins

What is the primary use of HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors?

Hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol)

Which of these is NOT a common adverse reaction of HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors?

  • Myositis (inflammation of muscle)
  • Muscle cramps/pain
  • Heart palpitations (correct)
  • Liver dysfunction
  • Rhabdomyolysis (breakdown of muscle tissue)

What is the generic name of the drug Crestor?

<p>rosuvastatin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these medications has an auxiliary label to avoid grapefruit?

<p>Zocor (A), Pravachol (B), Mevacor (C), Lipitor (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors are enzymes.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors are involved in the final step of cholesterol synthesis.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common ending for medications in the HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors class?

<p>-statin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are statins commonly used to treat?

<p>Hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are enzymes involved in the final step of cholesterol synthesis?

<p>HMG CoA Reductase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Statins help increase clearance of LDL (low-density lipoproteins).

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Statins are typically dosed once daily in the morning.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common adverse reaction to statins?

<p>All of the above (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the generic name for the brand name drug Crestor?

<p>Rosuvastatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the generic name for the brand name drug Pravachol?

<p>Pravastatin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What auxiliary label should be provided for Crestor?

<p>Avoid antacids containing magnesium</p> Signup and view all the answers

What auxiliary label should be provided for Lipitor, Mevacor, and Pravachol?

<p>Avoid grapefruit</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about statins is accurate regarding their effect on LDL cholesterol?

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Which of the following statements accurately describes the mechanism of action of statins?

<p>Statins inhibit HMG CoA reductase, leading to decreased cholesterol synthesis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are potential adverse reactions associated with the use of statins?

<p>Myositis and rhabdomyolysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the administration of statins is true?

<p>Statins are commonly dosed once daily, usually in the evening. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly identifies a statin and its available dosage form?

<p>Simvastatin - Tablets 5mg, 10mg, 20mg, 40mg, 80mg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What auxiliary label is required for Lipitor, Mevacor, and Pravachol?

<p>Avoid grapefruit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potential serious condition is associated with muscle tissue breakdown in patients taking statins?

<p>Rhabdomyolysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statins is available in an extended release form?

<p>Fluvastatin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is specifically inhibited by statins to reduce cholesterol synthesis?

<p>HMG CoA reductase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing for administering statins to maximize their effectiveness?

<p>In the evening or at bedtime (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms describes muscle inflammation that may occur as an adverse reaction to statins?

<p>Myositis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Statins are commonly used to treat hyperlipidemia.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All statins should be taken in the morning for optimal results.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rhabdomyolysis is a common adverse reaction associated with the use of statins.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The common ending for statin medications is -ase.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Statins inhibit HMG CoA reductase to promote cholesterol synthesis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Statin Mechanism

Statins block the enzyme HMG CoA reductase, slowing cholesterol production.

Hyperlipidemia Treatment

Statins are commonly used to treat high cholesterol (hyperlipidemia).

HMG CoA Reductase

An enzyme critical for cholesterol synthesis.

Statin Adverse Reactions

Muscle issues (myositis, rhabdomyolysis) and liver problems are potential side effects.

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Statin Dosage

Usually taken once daily, often in the evening or at bedtime.

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-statin

The ending of the names for statin drugs

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LDL Clearance

Statins can increase the removal of LDL from the body

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Myositis

Inflammation of the muscles.

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Rhabdomyolysis

The breakdown of muscle tissue.

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Hyperlipidemia

High cholesterol levels.

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Crestor

Brand name for rosuvastatin, a statin.

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Lipitor

Brand name for atorvastatin (statin).

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Grapefruit Caution

Some statins (like Lipitor, Simvastatin) may interact negatively with grapefruit.

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Antacids

Antacids containing magnesium should be avoided with some statins (like Crestor).

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Therapeutic Class

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors

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Common Name

Statins

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Available Doses & Forms

Statins come in various dosages and tablet/capsule formats

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Liver Dysfunction

A potential side effect of statins involving the liver.

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Statin ending

Statin drugs often end with the suffix '-statin'.

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Statin Use

Statins are primarily used to treat high cholesterol, medically known as hyperlipidemia.

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Statin Action

Statins work by blocking the enzyme HMG CoA reductase, slowing down the production of cholesterol.

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LDL and Statins

Statins can help increase the removal of LDL ('Lousy') cholesterol from the body.

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Statin Muscle Side Effects

Common side effects include myositis (muscle inflammation) and rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown).

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Statin Liver Side Effects

Statins can sometimes cause liver dysfunction.

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Statin: Avoid Grapefruit

Certain statins (like Lipitor, Mevacor, Pravachol, and Zocor) should be avoided with grapefruit.

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Statin: Avoid Magnesium Antacids

Crestor (rosuvastatin) should not be taken with antacids containing magnesium.

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Generic Name

Generic drug names are usually shorter, simpler versions of the brand name and reflect the actual active ingredient.

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Rosuvastatin

Rosuvastatin is the generic name for the statin drug Crestor.

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Fluvastatin

Fluvastatin is the generic name for Lescol, another statin medication.

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Atorvastatin

Atorvastatin is the generic name for the statin drug Lipitor.

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Lovastatin

Lovastatin is the generic name for Mevacor, a statin medication.

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Pravastatin

Pravastatin is the generic name for the statin drug Pravachol.

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Simvastatin

Simvastatin is the generic name for the statin drug Zocor.

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What are statins used for?

Statins are a type of drug used to treat high cholesterol, also known as hyperlipidemia.

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What do statins inhibit?

Statins work by blocking the enzyme HMG CoA reductase, which is crucial for the production of cholesterol.

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Common statin side effects?

Common side effects of statins include muscle inflammation (myositis), muscle breakdown (rhabdomyolysis), muscle cramps/pain, and liver dysfunction.

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Statin dosage and timing

Statins are usually taken once a day, often in the evening or at bedtime.

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Grapefruit and statins

Some statins, like Lipitor, Mevacor, Pravachol, and Zocor, should not be taken with grapefruit.

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What is the therapeutic class of statins?

Statins are categorized as HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors.

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What are common side effects of statins?

Common side effects include muscle problems like myositis (muscle inflammation) and rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown), as well as muscle cramps and pain. Liver dysfunction is also a possibility.

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What is the common ending for statin drugs?

Statin drugs often end with the suffix '-statin'.

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Why do statins usually have grapefruit cautions?

Some statins interact negatively with grapefruit, potentially leading to increased blood levels of the drug.

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What do statins DO?

Statins block an enzyme called HMG CoA Reductase, which is involved in the final step of making cholesterol in the body.

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What is a common characteristic of statin drug names?

Many statin medications end with '-statin', like atorvastatin or simvastatin.

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What is a common precaution with statins?

Some statins interact negatively with grapefruit and should be avoided with this fruit.

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Study Notes

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)

  • Therapeutic Class: HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors
  • Common Name: Statins
  • Common Ending: -statin
  • Commonly Used to Treat: Hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol)
  • Mechanism of Action: Statins are enzymes that stop the final step in cholesterol production. They inhibit HMG CoA reductase. This, in turn, helps increase the removal of LDL (low-density lipoproteins) from the body.
  • Notes: Usually taken once daily, typically in the evening or at bedtime.
  • Common Adverse Reactions: Myositis (muscle inflammation), Rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown), Muscle cramps/pain, and Liver dysfunction.
  • Auxiliary Labels: Avoid antacids containing magnesium, Avoid grapefruit juice.

Available Doses and Forms

  • Brand Name: Crestor, Lescol, Lipitor, Mevacor, Pravachol, Zocor
  • Generic Name: Rosuvastatin, Fluvastatin, Atorvastatin, Lovastatin, Pravastatin, Simvastatin
  • Available Doses & Forms: Vary by brand and generic. Include tablets in various dosages (5mg, 10mg, 20mg, 40mg, 80mg), capsules, and extended-release tablets.

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